Laktik Asit Bakterileri Tarafından Üretilen Gamma Aminobütirik Asitin Önemi#

Gamma aminobütirik asit (GABA), insan beynindeki önemli bir inhibitör olan nörotransmitter olarak bilinmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılmış çalışmalar GABA’nın sağlık üzerine birçok yararlı etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. GABA takviyesi kullanan insanlarda, psikolojik sorunlar, uykusuzluk ve bağışıklık problemleri gibi hayatı olumsuz yönde etkileyen faktörlerin azaldığı bildirilmiştir. Bu alanda yapılan çalışmalar laktik asit bakterileri (LAB)’nin GABA üretebildiğini göstermiştir. Bu sebeple GABA üreten LAB’a olan ilgi giderek artmaktadır. LAB tarafından doğal yolla üretilen GABA'nın sentetik olarak üretilenlere kıyasla yan etkilerinin neredeyse hiç olmadığı belirtilmektedir. Özellikle Uzak Doğu ülkelerindeki gıdalardan izole edilmiş GABA üreten LAB’ın fonksiyonel gıda geliştirmede kullanılması da önerilmektedir. Yeni gelişmekte olan bu alanda ilerleyebilmek için daha çok araştırma yapılması ve GABA’nın keşfedilmemiş özelliklerinin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu derlemede GABA’nın öneminden bahsedilmiş ve GABA ile ilgili yapılmış çalışmalar üzerinde durulmuştur.

The Importance of Gamma Aminobutyric Acid Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteri

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is known as an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human brain. Recent studies have proved the beneficial effects of GABA on human health. It has been reported that in people who use GABA supplements, the factors affecting the life quality negatively such as psychological problems, insomnia and immune problems have decreased. Studies in this field have shown that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can produce GABA. For this reason, interest in LAB producing GABA is steadily increasing. It is stated that GABA produced by natural LAB has almost no side effects compared to synthetically created ones. It is also suggested that GABAproducing LAB, which is isolated from especially in Far East countries foods, should be used to develop functional foods. More research needs to be done in order to proceed in this newly developing area, and the undiscovered features of GABA need to be investigated. In this review, the importance of GABA is addressed and the studies about GABA are examined.

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