Kars İli Yetiştirici Koşullarındaki Kazların (Anser anser) Yumurta Verimi, Kuluçka, Büyüme, Kesim ve Karkas Özellikleri (I. Yumurta Verimi ve Kuluçka Özellikleri)

Araştırmada yumurta verimi için 60 aile işletmesinden 200 adet kaza ait toplam 2365 adet yumurta incelenmiştir. Yumurta verimi ve dış kalite özelliklerinin incelenmesinde kazlar tüy rengine göre; beyaz, siyah, kahverengi, alaca ve gri ve yaşa göre; 1, 2, 3, 4 ve >4 gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Kuluçka özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde ise kazlar yaş, tüy rengi ve yumurta ağırlığı (170,00) gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Yumurta verimi ve yumurtlama periyodu genel ortalamaları sırasıyla 12,66±0,07 adet/kaz ve 28,61±0,19 gün olarak, yumurta ağırlığı ve yumurta şekil indeksi ortalamaları ise sırayla 163,74±0,38 g ve %65,78 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yumurta verimi ve yumurtlama periyodu üzerine yaş ve tüy renginin etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Kaz yumurtalarının kuluçka özelliklerinden döllülük, kuluçka randımanı, çıkım oranı, embriyonal ölüm oranı ve kabuk altı ölüm oranı genel ortalamaları sırasıyla %76,10, %60,88, %80,00, %13,16 ve %6,84 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kuluçka özellikleri üzerine tüy renginin etkisi önemsiz, yaşın döllülük oranı üzerine etkisi önemli, incelenen diğer özellikler üzerine etkisi ise önemsiz bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak yerli Türk kazlarının yumurta verimi ve yumurtlama periyodunun birçok kaz ırklarından düşük, yumurta ağırlığının birçok kaz ırkları ile benzer olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yumurta ağırlığı arttıkça kuluçka randımanın arttığı belirlenmiştir. Yumurta verimi bakımından 3 yaşlı kazların diğer yaş kazlara göre yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

The Egg Production, Hatchability, Growing, Slaughter and Carcass Characteristics of Geese (Anser Anser) Reared under Breeders Conditions in Kars Province; I. Egg Production and Hatchability Characteristics#

In order to determine egg production, yield records of 200 mature geese were used from 60 family enterprises. Total 2365 eggs were examined in order to determine the traits of egg yield. While examining mature geese to determine egg production and its traits, geese were grouped according to their feather color (white, yellow, black, piebald, and grey) and ages (1, 2, 3, 4, and >4). In determining the hatchability characteristics, age, feather color and egg weight (170.00). The general means of egg production and egg laying period was 12.66 ± 0.07 per geese and 28.61 ± 0.19 per day respectively, While the general means egg weight and egg shape index values were 163.74 ± 0.38 g and 65.78% respectively. The effect of age and feather color groups on egg production and laying period were significant. The general mean of natural hatchability traits of the geese eggs such as fertility rate, hatchability rate, hatching rate, embryonic mortality rate, and mortality in shell rate were found 76.10%, 60.88%, 80.00%, 13.16% and 6.84% respectively. While the effect of feather color on the natural hatching traits was insignificant, the effect of maternal age on fertility rate was significant but the effect on the other properties examined was insignificant. As a result, the egg production and laying period of Turkish domestic geese were lower than those of many goose breeds but egg weight was similar to many goose breeds. It was determined that hatching yield increased as egg weight increased. In terms of egg yield, it was determined that 3-year-old geese were higher than other age geese.

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