Karabuğdayın Yazlık Olarak Isparta Doğal Yağış Koşullarında Farklı Ekim Zamanlarında Yetiştirilme Olanaklarının Araştırılması
Çalışma; kısa vejetasyon süresine sahip karabuğdayın Isparta koşullarında yazlık olarak farklı zamanlarda yapılan ekimi ile ilkbahar yağışlarından faydalanarak sulanmadan yetiştirilebilme olanaklarını araştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada Aktaş karabuğday çeşidi kullanılarak, 1 Mart, 10 Mart, 20 Mart, 30 Mart, 9 Nisan ve 18 Nisan (kontrol) olmak üzere 6 Ekim zamanı tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında tarla çalışması olarak yürütülmüştür. 18 Nisan ekim zamanı kontrol olarak sulanmış, diğer ekim zamanlarında sulama yapılmamış, doğal yağışlara bağlı olarak yetiştirilmiştir. Denemede her iki yılda da 1 ve 10 Mart ekim zamanlarında çıkış olmuş, fakat çıkıştan sonra don zararı nedeniyle tüm bitkiler ölmüştür. Her iki yılda da (2015 ve 2016) bitki boyu, biyolojik verim ve tane verimine ekim zamanlarının etkisi istatistiksel olarak önemli olmuş ve en uzu bitki boyu sırasıyla 65,9 cm ve 60,0 cm, en yüksek biyolojik verim 427,3 kg/da ve 403,7 kg/da ve tane verimi 145,7 kg/da ve 132,8 kg/da ile 18 Nisan ekim tarihinde sulanan parsellerde belirlenmiştir. Her iki yılda da 1000 tane ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı ve protein oranına ekim zamanlarının etkisi istatistiksel olarak önemsiz olmuştur. Isparta ekolojik koşullarında karabuğday ekonomik olarak ancak sulanarak yetiştirilmesi sonucuna varılmıştır.
Investigation of Cultivate Possibility at Different Sowing Times under Natural Rainfed Conditions of Isparta as Spring of Buckwhea
The study was conducted with aim to investigate growing possibilities without irrigating by taking advantage of spring rains at different sowing times as spring in Isparta conditions. The research was set up as field study during the 2009 and 2010 years according to Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications included six sowing dates 1st March, 10st March, 20th March, 30st March, 9th April and 18st April (control) by using Aktaş buckwheat cultivar. 18st April sowing time was irrigated as control, and the other sowing times was not watered and cultivated depending on natural rains. Buckwheat seeds emergence at 1st and 10st March sowing times, but all the plants after emergence died due to frost damage. Effect of sowing dates on plant height, biological yield and grain yield were statistically significant, and the longest plant height 65.9 cm and 60.0 cm, the highest biological yield 427.3 kg da-1 and 403.7 kg da-1 and grain yield 145.7 kg da-1 and 132.8 kg da-1, respectively, were determined in watered treatment in 18st April in both years (2015 and 2016). Effect of sowing dates on 1000 grain weight, hectoliter weight and protein content were statistically non-significant. It was concluded that buckwheat should be cultivation by watered for Isparta ecological conditions.
___
- Bolanos J, Edmeades GO. 1991. Value of selection for osmotic potential in tropical maize. Agronomy Journal 83: 948-956
- Campbell CG. 1983. Manor buckwheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63: 1053-1054
- Inamullah I, Saqib G, Ayub M, Khan AA, Anwar S, Khan SA. 2012. Response of common buckwheat to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. Sarhad Journal Agriculture 28(2):171-178
- Jung GH, Kim SL, Kim MJ, Kim SK, Park JH, Kim CG, Heu S. 2015. Effect of sowing time on buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) growth and yield in Central Korea. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology 18(4): 285-291
- Kara N. 2014. Yield and mineral nutrition content of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench): The effect of harvest times. SDÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 9(1): 85-94
- Kara B, Çelebi FG, Kara N, Atar B. 2016. Karabuğday (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)’da farklı azotlu gübre formlarının etkinliği. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 4(6): 515-518
- Kara B, Telli M. 2016. Karabuğdayın (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) fosfor kullanım etkinliği. DERİM 33(2): 327-336
- Kara N. 2017. Karabuğday (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)’da morfolojik varyabilite. Turkish Journal of Agriculture –Food Science and Technology 5(9): 1057-1060
- Okudan D, Kara B. 2015. Farklı azot dozlarının karabuğdayın (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) tane verim ve kalitesine etkisi. SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 19: 74-79
- Radices L, Mikohazi D. 2010. Principles of common buckwheat production. The European Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology 4: 57-63
- Robertson MJ, Giunta F. 1994. Responses of spring wheat exposed to pre-anthesis water stress. Austuralian Journal Agriculture Research 45:19-35
- Shamsi K. 2009. Effect of planting date and density on the yield and yield components of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.). Journal of Applied Bioscience 16: 862-863
- Sobhani MR, Rahmikhdoev G, Mazaheri D, Majidian M. 2014. Influence of different sowing date and planting pattern and N rate on buckwheat yield and its quality. Australian Journal of Crop Science 8(10): 1402-1414
- Steduto P, Alvino A, Magliulo V, Sisto L. 1986. Analysis of the physiological and repro of five wheat varieties under rainfed and irrigated conditions in southern Italy. Drought resistance in plants. Meeting Held in Am to 23 October 1986, Belgium, 131-149
- Steel RGD, Torrie JH. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, USA
- Valenzuela H, Smith J. 2002. Green manure crops: Buckwheat. Coop. Ext. Services, Hawaii University, USA
- Vilcans M, Gaile Z. 2013. Influence of sowing type, time and seedling rates on the buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) yield quality. Research for Rural Development 1: 29-34
- Zinselmeier C, Schussler JR, Westgate ME, Jones RJ. 1995. Low water potential disrupts carbohdyrate metabolism in maize ovaries. Plant Physiology 107:385-391