Japon Bıldırcınlarında Yumurta Ağırlığı, Kuluçka Sıcaklığı ve Kabuk Sıcaklığının Kuluçka Sonuçlarına Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada 32 haftalık yaştaki Japon bıldırcını sürüsünden elde edilen toplam 402 kuluçkalık yumurta, gelişme döneminde kabuk sıcaklığı, kabuk sıcaklığı ile makine sıcaklığı arasındaki fark ve oransal ağırlık (nem) kaybının kuluçka sonuçları üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Yumurtalar ağırlık sınıfına göre iki gruba ayrılmış (≤12 g ve >12 g) ve makine katlarına rastgele ve eşit olarak dağıtılmıştır. Beklendiği üzere, kuluçkalık yumurta ağırlığı civciv çıkış ağırlıklarını önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Hafif yumurtalar ağır yumurtalara göre daha fazla nem kaybetmişlerdir. Embriyo, gelişme döneminin ilk yarısında hissedilir düzeyde ısı üretememekteyse de (endotermik faz), ikinci yarısında belirgin biçimde ısı üretmeye başladığından (ekzotermik faz), kabuk sıcaklığı makine iç sıcaklığından daha yüksek olmuştur. Bu durum ağır yumurtalarda daha belirgin olmaktadır. Gelişim döneminin ilk yarısında kabuk sıcaklığı hafif yumurtalarda ağır yumurtalara göre daha yüksekken, ikinci yarıda yumurta ağırlık gruplarında belirlenen kabuk sıcaklıkları katlara göre değişmiştir. Genel olarak, büyüyen embriyonun artık belirgin biçimde ısı ürettiği bu geç dönemde iri yumurtalarda ve üst katta yer alan yumurtalarda daha yüksek kabuk sıcaklıkları belirlenmiştir. Alt kattaki hafif yumurtalar, diğer tüm kombinasyonlardaki yumurtalardan daha düşük kabuk sıcaklığı değerlerine sahip olmuşlardır. Son dönem embriyonik ölümler ağır yumurtalarda önemli ölçüde daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Determining The Effects of Egg Weight with Incubation Temperature and Eggshell Temperature on Hatching Results in Japanese Quails

In this study, a total of 402 Japanese quail hatching eggs from 32 weeks of age flock to determine shell temperature, temperature differences between shell and setter temperatures, relative weight (water) loss from eggs in setter period and effects on incubation results. All the eggs were divided into two egg weight groups (≤12 g and >12 g) and they were randomly and equally distributed to the setter trays. As expected, day old chick weight was significantly affected by the egg weight. The lighter eggs lost more water than heavier ones. Although the embryo cannot produce a noticeable level of heat in the first half of the development period (endothermic phase), since it begins to generate more noticeable heat in the second half (exothermic phase), the shell temperature is found to be higher than the setter temperature. This table is more pronounced in heavier eggs. In the first half of the development period, while the shell temperature was higher in light eggs than in heavy ones, the shell temperature, in egg weight groups, was differed by the setter floors during the latter half. Generally, in this late period, when the growing embryo now produces more noticeable heat, the higher shell temperatures were measured in heavier eggs and in eggs where set in upper-trays. The lighter eggs where set in lower-trays were found to be having lower shell temperatures than the eggs in all other combinations. Late embryonic mortalities were higher in heavier eggs.

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