Nano ALEMU, Abduletif AHMED, Muktar MOHAMMED

Impact of Brewery Waste Sludge on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Productivity and Soil Fertility in Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

The study was conducted on farmers' field in sofi district of Harari Regional State during 2013/2014 main cropping season, eastern Ethiopia, to investigate the impact of brewery sludge on sorghum production and soil fertility. The treatments comprised seven levels of brewery sludges (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5 and 15.0 t ha-1 ) and NP inorganic fertilizer at recommended rate, arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications. Application of brewery sludge at 15 t ha-1 significantly increased the yield and biomass yield of sorghum by 79 and 85% over control and by 57 and 67% over NP application, respectively. There was no effect of brewery sludge application on heavy metals concentrations in soil after crop harvest, compared to international standard tolerable level. Co and Se levels were high in the control as well as in the soils treated with brewery sludge indicating the already high concentration of these heavy metals in the soils of the area. Plots, which received higher brewery sludge application, resulted in decreased or less percentage of grain nitrogen content showing the independence of grain protein content on lower brewery sludge level. The nitrogen uptake by sorghum grain, straw and the total was maximum (52.68, 44.25 and 79.03 kg ha-1 , respectively) with the application of brewery waste sludge at 10 and 15 t ha-1 which were significantly higher than the other brewery sludge and NP mineral fertilizer applications.

PDF

___

Abdousalam G. 2010. Effect of heavy metals on soil microbial processes and population, Egypt. Acad. J. biolog. Sci., 2: 9- 14.

Agustina Branzini and Marta Susana Zubillaga, 2012. Comparative Use of Soil Organic and Inorganic Amendments in Heavy Metals Stabilization. Applied and Environmental Soil Science., 2012.1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/721032;

Alloway BJ. 2008. Zinc in soils and crop nutrition (2nd ed.). Brussels: International Zinc Association; Paris: International Fertilizer Industry Association.

AlZoubi MM, Arslan A, Abdelgawad G, Tabbaa M, Jouzdan O. 2008. The Effect of Sewage Sludge on Productivity of a Crop Rotation of Wheat, Maize and Vetch and Heavy Metals Accumulation in Soil and Plant in Aleppo Governorate. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 3 (4): 618-625, 2008.

Arslan A, Alzoubi MM, Nasralla H, Bijon N, Abdul Gawad J, Jusadan O. 2007. The effect of mixing sludge with surface soil layer on the physical properties and cotton yield. Proceedings of the Workshop on sustainable management of wastewater for agricultural production in water scarce countries. ICARDA,

Aleppo, Syria, pp: 33-40. Barriquelo M, Marines J, Silva M, Lenzi E. 2003. Lead behavior in soil treated with contaminated sewage sludge and cultivated with Maize. Brazilian J. Archives of Biology and Technology Journal., 46: 499-505.

Basta T, Ryan A, Chaney L. 2005. Trace element chemistry in residual-treated soil: key concepts and metal bioavailability. Journal of Environmental Quality., 34: 49–63.

Berti WR, Jacobs LW. 1996. Chemistry and phytotoxicity of soil trace elements from repeated sewage sludge applications. J. Environ Qual., 25: 1025-1032.

Bjuhr J. 2007. Trace Metals in Soils Irrigated with Waste Water in a Periurban Area Downstream Hanoi City, Vietnam, Seminar Paper, Institutionen for markvetenskap, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden.

Blake GR. 1965. Methods of soil analysis. In: Black, C.A. (ed.).Agronomy part I, No. 9. American Society of Agronomy. Madison Wisconsin, USA: pp: 374-399.

Chapman H D. 1965. Cation exchange capacity. In: Black CA, Ensminger LE, Clark FE. (Eds). Methods of soil analysis. Agronomy. 9: 891-901. Am. Soc. Agro., Inc., Madison, USA.

Day PR. 1965. Hydrometer method of particle size analysis. In: Black C A. (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Agronomy. Part II, No. 9. American Society of Agronomy. (2nd ed.) Madison, Wisconsin, USA: pp: 562-563

ECS (European Committee for Standardization), 2010. European standard. Sludge, treated biowaste and soil digestion of aqua regia soluble fractions of elements. Draft prEN 16174, CEN/TC 400.

Ferreira A, Camargo F, Tedesco M, Bissani C. 2003. Amendments on chemical and biological soil and yield of corn and soybeans for the use of tannery waste and coal. R. Bras. Ci. Solo., 27: 755-763.

Gomez KA, Gomez AA. 1984. Statistical procedures for agricultural research. second edition, John Wiley and Sons. New York: 207-215.

Heluf G. 2003. Grain yield response of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) to tied ridges and planting methods on Entisols and Vertisols of Alemaya area, Eastern Ethiopian Highlands. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics, 104(2): 113-128.

Heluf G. 2005. Soil and water conservation practices (tied ridges and planting methods) on cultivated lands of the subhumid and semi-arid highlands of eastern Ethiopia. Soil Science Technical Bulletin No. 1. Soil and Water Research Program, Alemaya University, Ethiopia. p: 131.

Heluf G. 2006. Natural resource base in agriculture and crop production in the Harari People National Regional State. A survey and literature review report submitted to the Harari People National Regional State (HPNRS) through the Adama Royal Agri-Business LPC. p: 134.

Heluf G, Mishra BB. 2006. Specific features of soil and land resources of eastern Ethiopian Highlands and their management options for sustainable agricultural production: Synthesis of working papers. Soil Science Technical Bulletin No. 2. Soil and Water Research Program, Alemaya University, Ethiopia. p: 123.

Heluf G, Yohannes U. 2011. Yield response of maize (Zea mays L.) to tied ridges and planting methods on Entisols and Vertisols of the Eastern Ethiopian highlands. Tropical Agriculture Journal, 88(4): 165-174.

John R, Ahmad P, Gadgil K, Sharma S. 2009. Heavy Metal Toxicity: Effect on Plant Growth, Biochemical Parameters and metals accumulation by Brssica junea L. International Journal of Plant Production. 3(3): 65-76

Korboulewsky N, Dupouyet S, Bonin G. 2002. Environmental Risks of Applying Sewage Sludge Compost to Vineyards Carbon, Heavy Metals, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Accumulation. Journal of Environmental Quality., 31: 1522-1527.

K€ut€uk C, Abdullah Baran, Oguz Baskan, Roger HartMann, 2003 . Effects of beer factory sludge on soil properties and growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris saccharifera L.). Bioresource Technology., 90:75–80.

Lindsay WL, Norvell WA. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J., 42: 421-428.

Oudeh M. 2002. Effect of sewage sludge application on growth and mineral composition of maize plant. Congress of recent technologies in agriculture Cairo Univ. Egypt.

Olsen SR, Cole CY, Watanabe FS, Dean LA. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular Nr 939, US Gov. Print. Office, Washington, D.C. pp:1-19.

SAS (Statistical Analysis System) Institute. 2003. SAS Version 9.1 © 2002-2003. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.

Silva J, Resck D, Sharma R. 2002. Alternative for agronomic biosolids produced in the federal District. In: Effect on corn production and the addition of heavy metals in an Oxisol in the Cerrado. R. Bras. Ci. Solo., 26: 487-495.

Smith RS. 1996. Agricultural Recycling of Sewage Sludge and the Environment CAB Intern. UK: Wellington. pp: 382.

Syrian Standardization Commission, 2002. allowable application of municipal biosolids products. S.N.S. 2665/2002.

Yohannes G. 2011. Effects of textile biosolid and phosphorus applications on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) at Kombolcha, South Wollo. M.S. Thesis, Haramaya University, Ethiopia. 61p.

Walkley A, Black IA. 1934. Method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29-38.