Farklı Lokalitelerden Toplanan Tribulus Terrestris L.’in Yağ Asidi Bileşimi ve Antioksidan İçeriklerinin Karşılaştırılması

Uzun zamandan beri, dünyadaki pek çok kültür tarafından, çeşitli hastalıkların önlenmesi ve tedavisinde Tribulus terrestris L. bitkisi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş’taki farklı lokalitelerden toplanan T. terrestris bitkisinden, çeşitli çözücülerle elde edilen ekstraktların, antioksidan aktivitesi ile toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içeriği incelenmiştir. Ayrıca ekstraktların sabit yağ içeriği GC-MS analizi ile incelenmiş ve sonuç olarak 26 farklı yağ asidi belirlenmiştir. Bitki ekstraktlarının başlıca yağ asidi bileşenlerini linoleik asit, oleik asit ve palmitik asit oluşturmaktadır. Bitki ekstraktlarının toplam fenolik madde değeri 2,20-18-77 mg g-1 , toplam flavonoid miktarı 0,06- 0,50 mg g-1 , FRAP değeri 6,16-23,50 µg g-1 ve DPPH değeri 1,54-10,54 µg mL-1 arasında değişmektedir. Biyoaktivite değerlerini lokasyonlardan ziyade ekstraksiyonda kullanılan çözücülerin etkilediği görülmüştür. Hekzanla elde edilen ekstraktların abzorbans değerleri yüksek olsa da düşük ekstrakt verimi sonuçları etkilemiştir. İncelenen tüm karakterlerde en yüksek değerler etanolik ekstraktlardan elde edilmiştir.

Comparison of Fatty Acid Composition and Antioxidant Contents of Tribulus Terrestris L. Collected from Different Localities

For a long time, many cultures around the world have used Tribulus terrestris L. in the preventionand treatment of various diseases. In this study, the antioxidant activity and total phenolic andflavonoid content of extracts obtained with various solvents from T. terrestris plant collected fromdifferent localities in Kahramanmaraş were investigated. In addition, the fixed oil content of theextracts was examined by GC-MS analysis and as a result, 26 different fatty acids were determined.The main fatty acid components of plant extracts are linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid. Thetotal phenolic substance value of plant extracts varies between 2.20-18-77 mg g-1, total flavonoidamount varies between 0.06-0.50 mg g-1, FRAP value varies between 6.16-23.50 µg g-1and DPPHvalue varies between 1.54-10.54 µg mL-1. It was observed that the solvents used in extraction affectedthe bioactivity values rather than the locations. Although the absorbance values of the extractsobtained with hexane were high, low extract yield affected the results. The highest values in allcharacters examined were obtained from ethanolic extracts.

PDF

___

Akram M, Asif HM, Akhtar N, Shah PA, Uzair M, Shaheen G, Shamim T, Shah SMA, Ahmad K. 2011. Tribulus terrestris Linn.: a review article. J Med Plants Res, 5(16): 3601-3605.
Amin AMR, Lotfy M, Shafiullah M, Adeghate E. 2006. The protective effect of Tribulus terrestris in diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1084(1): 391-401.
Baytop T. 1999. Therapy with Plants in Turkey, Past and Present (second ed.), Nobel Tip Kitapevi, Istanbul.
Benzie IF, Strain JJ. 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Anal Biochem., 239(1): 70-76.
Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset CLWT. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWTFood Sci Technol, 28(1): 25-30.
Buckley MT, Racimo F, Allentoft ME, Jensen MK, Jonsson A, Huang H, Hormozdiari F, Sikora M, Marnetto D, Eskin E, Jorgensen ME, Grarup N, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Kraft P, Willerslev E, Nielsen R. 2017. Selection in Europeans on fatty acid desaturases associated with dietary changes. Mol Biol Evol, 34(6): 1307-1318.
Chang CC, Yang MH, Wen HM, Chern JC. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. J Food Drug Anal, 10(3): 178-182.
Chhatre S, Nesari T, Somani G, Kanchan, D, Sathaye S. 2014. Phytopharmacological overview of Tribulus terrestris. Phcog Rev, 8:45-51.
Comlekcioglu N. 2019. Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Leaves of Endemic and Native Isatis spp in Turkey. Braz Arch Biol Technol, 62.
Cohen JE. 2001. World population in 2050: assessing the projections. In Conference Series-Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Vol. 46, pp. 83-113. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston; 1998.
Davis PH. 1969. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 2. pp 493.
Fusco D, Colloca G, Monaco MRL, Cesari M. 2007. Effects of antioxidant supplementation on the aging process. Clin Interv Aging, 2(3): 377.
Gopinath V, MubarakAli D, Priyadarshini S, Priyadharsshini NM, Thajuddin N, Velusamy P. 2012. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Tribulus terrestris and its antimicrobial activity: a novel biological approach. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces, 96: 69-74.
Gunstone FD, Harwood JL, Dijkstra AJ. 2007. The Lipid Handbook, 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Hammoda HM, Ghazy NM, Harraz FM, Radwan MM, ElSohly MA, Abdallah II. 2013. Chemical constituents from Tribulus terrestris and screening of their antioxidant activity. Phytochemistry, 92: 153-159.
Hashim S, Bakht T, Bahadar Marwat K, Jan A. 2014. Medicinal properties, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae). Pakistan J Bot, 46: 399–404.
Jabeur I, Pereira E, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Soković M, Oliveira MBP, Ferreira IC. 2017. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. as a source of nutrients, bioactive compounds and colouring agents. Food Res Int, 100: 717-723.
Javaid A, Anjum F, Akhtar N. 2019. Molecular Characterization of Pyricularia oryzae and its Management by Stem Extract of Tribulus terrestris. Int J Agric Biol, 21(6): 1256–1262.
Kim HJ, Kim JC, Min JS, Kim MJ, Kim JA, Kor MH, Ahn JK. 2011. Aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris Linn induces cell growth arrest and apoptosis by down-regulating NF-κB signaling in liver cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol, 136(1): 197-203.
Lim YY, Lim TT, Tee JJ. 2007. Antioxidant properties of several tropical fruits: A comparative study. Food Chem, 103(3): 1003-1008.
Miliauskas G, Venskutonis PR, Van Beek TA. 2004. Screening of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. Food Chem, 85(2): 231-237.
Mohammed MS, Alajmi MF, Alam P, Khalid HS, Mahmoud AM, Ahmed WJ. 2014. Chromatographic finger print analysis of anti–inflammatory active extract fractions of aerial parts of Tribulus terrestris by HPTLC technique. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 4(3): 203-208.
Mohammed FS, Akgul H, Sevindik M, Khaled BMT. 2018. Phenolic content and biological activities of Rhus coriaria var. zebaria. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(8): 5694- 5702.
Mohammed FS, Günal S, Şabik AE, Akgül H, Sevindik M. 2020. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activity of Scorzonera papposa collected from Iraq and Turkey. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(5): 1114-1118.
Mohammed FS, Karakaş M, Akgül H, Sevindik M. 2019. Medicinal properties of Allium calocephalum collected from Gara Mountain (Iraq). Fresen Environ Bull, 28(10): 7419- 7426.
Mohammed FS, Pehlivan M, Sevindik E, Akgul H, Sevindik M, Bozgeyik I, Yumrutas O. 2021. Pharmacological properties of edible Asparagus acutifolius and Asparagus officinalis collected from North Iraq and Turkey (Hatay). Acta Alimentaria, https://doi.org/10.1556/066.2020.00204
Noordin MA, Noor MM, Aizat WM. 2020. The Impact of Plant Bioactive Compounds on Aging and Fertility of Diverse Organisms: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem, 20(13): 1287- 1299.
Obanda M, Owuor PO, Taylor SJ. 1997. Flavanol composition and caffeine content of green leaf as quality potential indicators of Kenyan black teas. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 74(2): 209-215.
Pandey D, Gupta AK. 2020. Recent Advances in Medicinal Plant Secondary Metabolites as the Alternate Bioactive Therapy. for Better Human Health A Review. Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Herbs.
Pelliccia F, Marazzi G, Greco C, Franzoni F, Speziale G, Gaudio C. 2013. Current evidence and future perspectives on n-3 PUFAs. International Journal of Cardiology, 170: S3-S7.
Reiffel JA, McDonald A. August 2006. "Antiarrhythmic effects of omega-3 fatty acids". Am J Cardiol, 98 (4A): 50i–60i.
Sevindik M, Akgul H, Pehlivan M, Selamoglu Z. 2017. Determination of therapeutic potential of Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia. Fresen Environ Bull, 26(7): 4757-4763.
Sevindik M. 2020. Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of Lactifluus rugatus and its antiproliferative activity on A549 cells. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge (IJTK), 19(2): 423-427.
Sevindik M. 2021. Phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Melanoleuca melaleuca edible mushroom. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 31(3): 824-830.
Ștefănescu R, Tero-Vescan A, Negroiu A, Aurică E, Vari CE. 2020. A Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Properties of Tribulus terrestris L. Biomolecules, 10(5): 752.
Tian C, Chang Y, Zhang Z, Wang H, Xiao S, Cui C, Liu M. 2019- A. Extraction technology, component analysis, antioxidant, antibacterial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids fraction from Tribulus terrestris L. leaves. Heliyon, 5(8): e02234.
Tian C, Zhang Z, Wang H, Guo Y, Zhao J, Liu M. 2019-B. Extraction technology, component analysis, and in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of total flavonoids and fatty acids from Tribulus terrestris L. fruits. Biomed Chromatogr, 33(4): e4474.
Whitney Ellie, Rolfes SR. 2008. Understanding Nutrition (11th ed.). California: Thomson Wadsworth. p. 154.
Wink M. 2015. Modes of action of herbal medicines and plant secondary metabolites. Medicines, 2(3): 251-286.
Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Obreshkova D, Nedialkov P. 2012. Antioxidant activity of Tribulus terrestris—a natural product in infertility therapy. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 4(4): 508-11.