Eylem KINA, Mustafa SEVİNDİK, Mustafa PEHLİVAN, Muhittin DOĞAN, İmran UYSAL, Kamil MENCİK, Falah Saleh MOHAMMED

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethanol Extract of Lepidium spinosum

In this study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Lepidium spinosum Ard., which is distributed in many regions of the world, were determined. The aerial parts of the plant were dried, powdered and extracted with ethanol. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) of the plant extract were determined using Rel Assay Diagnostics kits. Antimicrobial activities of the plant extract were determined against standard bacterial and fungal strains by agar dilution method. As a result of the studies, the TAS value of the plant extract was determined as 4.550±0.132, the TOS value as 12.610±0.221, and the OSI value as 0.277±0.007. In addition, it has been found to be effective at 25-200 μg/mL against standard bacterial strains and 100-200 μg/mL concentrations against fungal strains. As a result, it was determined that L. spinosum used in our study could be a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial source. In this context, it is thought that natural material may be used in pharmacological designs.

PDF

___

Akgül H, Mohammed FS, Kına E, Uysal İ, Sevindik M, Doğan M. 2022. Total Antioxidant and Oxidant Status and DPPH Free radical activity of Euphorbia eriophora. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 10(2): 272- 275.
Akrayi HF, Tawfeeq JD. 2012. Antibacterial activity of Lepidium sativum and Allium porrum extracts and juices against some gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences, 20(1): 10-16.
Alqahtani FY, Aleanizy FS, Mahmoud AZ, Farshori NN, Alfaraj R, Al-Sheddi ES, Alsarra IA. 2019. Chemical composition and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of Lepidium sativum seed oil. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 26(5): 1089-1092.
Bal C, Baba H, Akata I, Sevindik M, Selamoğlu Z, Akgül H. 2022. Biological Activities of Wild Poisonous Mushroom Entoloma sinuatum (Boletales). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 25 (1): 83-87.
Chatoui K, Harhar H, El Kamli T, Tabyaoui M. 2020. Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of Lepidium sativum seeds from four regions of Morocco. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7302727
Chen J, Yang J, Ma L, Li J, Shahzad N, Kim CK. 2020. Structureantioxidant activity relationship of methoxy, phenolic hydroxyl, and carboxylic acid groups of phenolic acids. Scientific reports, 10(1): 1-9.
Davis PH. 1965. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean ıslands. Edinburg Univsersty Press, 1, 280.
Diab TA, Donia T, Saad-Allah KM. 2021. Characterization, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of some Egyptian wild plant extracts. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10(1): 1-13.
Dias MC, Pinto DC, Silva A. 2021. Plant flavonoids: Chemical characteristics and biological activity. Molecules, 26(17): 5377.
Durna Daştan S, Durukan H, Demirbaş A, Dönmez E. 2019. Bioactivity and therapeutic properties of evelik (Rumex crispus), a naturally growing and edible plant in sivas province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 7(sp2): 67-71.
Erel O. 2005. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status, Clin Biochem, 38(12): 1103-1111.
Erel O. 2004. A novel automated direct measurement method for total antioxidant capacity using a new generation, more stable ABTS radical cation, Clin Biochem, 37(4): 277-285.
Esmael A, Hassan MG, Amer MM, Abdelrahman S, Hamed AM, Abd-Raboh HA, Foda MF. 2020. Antimicrobial activity of certain natural-based plant oils against the antibiotic-resistant acne bacteria. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 27(1): 448-455.
EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing). 2014. Breakpoint tables Fungal isolate for interpretation of MICs. 2014; Version 7.0
EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing). 2015. Breakpoint tables for Bacteria interpretation of MICs and zone diameters 2015; Version 5.0
Hindler J, Hochstein L, Howell A. 1992. Preparation of routine media and reagents used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Part 1. McFarland standards, p. 5.19.1-5.19.6. In H. D. Isenberg (ed) Clinical microbiology procedures handbook, vol. 1. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
Korkmaz AI, Akgul H, Sevindik M, Selamoglu Z. 2017. Study on determination of bioactive potentials of certain lichens, Acta Aliment, 47(1): 80-87.
Korkmaz N, Dayangaç A, Sevindik M. 2021. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of Galium aparine. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, 45(3): 554-564.
Matuschek E, Brown DF, Kahlmeter G. 2014. Development of the EUCAST disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing method and its implementation in routine microbiology laboratories. Clin Microbiol Infect, 20: 255- 266.
Mohammed FS, Günal S, Pehlivan M, Doğan M, Sevindik M, Akgül H. 2020a. Phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of endemic Ferulago platycarpa. Gazi University Journal of Science, 33(4): 670-677.
Mohammed FS, Günal S, Şabik AE, Akgül H, Sevindik M. 2020b. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activity of Scorzonera papposa collected from Iraq and Turkey. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 23(5): 1114-1118.
Mohammed FS, Karakaş M, Akgül H, Sevindik M. 2019. Medicinal properties of Allium calocephalum collected from Gara Mountain (Iraq). Fresen Environ Bull, 28(10): 7419- 7426.
Mohammed FS, Kına E, Sevindik M, Doğan M, Pehlivan M. 2021. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ethanol extract of Helianthemum salicifolium (Cistaceae). Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 12(3): 459-462.
Mohammed FS, Pehlivan M, Sevindik E, Akgul H, Sevindik M, Bozgeyik I, Yumrutas O. 2021. Pharmacological properties of edible Asparagus acutifolius and Asparagus officinalis collected from North Iraq and Turkey (Hatay). Acta Alimentaria, 50(1): 136-143.
Mohammed F, Akgül H, Sevindik M, Khaled B. 2018. Phenolic content and biological activities of Rhus coriaria var. zebaria. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(8):5694-5702
Mostafa AA, Al-Askar AA, Almaary KS, Dawoud TM, Sholkamy EN, Bakri MM. 2018. Antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts against bacterial strains causing food poisoning diseases. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 25(2): 361-366.
Nguyen NH, Ta QTH, Pham QT, Luong TNH, Phung VT, Duong TH, Vo VG. 2020. Anticancer activity of novel plant extracts and compounds from Adenosma bracteosum (Bonati) in human lung and liver cancer cells. Molecules, 25(12): 2912.
Nisa MU, Huang Y, Benhamed M, Raynaud C. 2019. The plant DNA damage response: signaling pathways leading to growth inhibition and putative role in response to stress conditions. Frontiers in plant science, 10: 653.
Özdemir E, Kültür Ş. 2017. Wild edible plants of savaştepe district (Balıkesir, Turkey). Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, 21(3): 578-589.
Rodríguez-Huamán Á, Casimiro-Gonzales S, Chávez-Pérez JA, Gonzales-Arimborgo C, Cisneros-Fernández R, Aguilar- Mendoza LÁ, Gonzales GF. 2017. Antioxidant and neuroprotector effect of Lepidium meyenii (maca) methanol leaf extract against 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity in PC12 cells. Toxicology mechanisms and methods, 27(4): 279-285.
Sandoval M, Okuhama NN, Angeles FM, Melchor VV, Condezo LA, Lao J, Miller MJ. 2002. Antioxidant activity of the cruciferous vegetable Maca (Lepidium meyenii). Food chemistry, 79(2): 207-213.
Saraç H, Demirbaş A, Daştan SD, Ataş M, Çevik Ö, Eruygur N. 2019. Evaluation of nutrients and biological activities of Kenger (Gundellia tournefortii L.) seeds cultivated in sivas province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 7(sp2): 52-58.
Selamoglu Z, Sevindik M, Bal C, Ozaltun B, Sen İ, Pasdaran A. 2020. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and DNA protection activities of phenolic content of Tricholoma virgatum (Fr.) P. Kumm. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 10(3): 5500-5506
Sevindik M, Akata I. 2019. Antioxidant, oxidant potentials and element content of edible wild mushroom Helvella leucopus. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 10(4): 266-271.
Sevindik M, Akgul H, Selamoglu Z, Braidy N. 2020. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of Infundibulicybe geotropa mushroom collected from Northwestern Turkey. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, https://doi.org/10.1155/ 2020/5620484
Sevindik M. 2020. Antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of Lactifluus rugatus and its antiproliferative activity on A549 cells, Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 19(2): 423- 427.
Sevindik M, Rasul A, Hussain G, Anwar H, Zahoor MK, Sarfraz I, Kamran KS, Akgul H, Akata I, Selamoglu Z. 2018.
Determination of anti-oxidative, anti-microbial activity and heavy metal contents of Leucoagaricus leucothites. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 31(5): 2163-2168.
Sevindik M. 2019. The novel biological tests on various extracts of Cerioporus varius. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28(5): 3713-3717.
Sevindik M, Akgul H, Pehlivan M, Selamoglu Z. 2017. Determination of therapeutic potential of Mentha longifolia ssp. longifolia. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26(7): 4757-4763.
Zazharskyi VV, Davydenko P, Kulishenko O, Borovik IV, Brygadyrenko VV. 2019. Antimicrobial activity of 50 plant extracts. Biosystems Diversity, 27(2): 163-169.