Atakan KOÇ, Ramazan GÜRSES

A Study on Milk Yield, Fertility and Milk Quality Characteristics of Primiparous Red-Holstein and Holstein-Friesian Cows

The aim of this study was to determine the reproductive characteristics, milk yield and milk quality of Primiparous Red-Holstein (RH) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows. For this aim, records and monthly taken milk samples of 83 RH and 14 HF raised on a farm in Aydın, Turkey were used. The averages of the first calving age (FCA), gestation length (GL), days open (DO), calving interval (CI), daily milk yield (DMY), 305-day milk yield (305-dMY), solid non-fat (SNF) and Log10 somatic cell count (Log10SCC) of milk were found to be 27.6±0.24 mo, 278.4±1.09 d, 144.0±7.12 d, 421.4±7.66 d, 22.7±0.21 kg, 6981±137.0 kg, 9.8±0.04% and 4.59±0.024 (38905 cells/ml), respectively. Except for DMY, the differences between the breeds were statistically insignificant for FCA, GL, DO, CI, 305-dMY, SNF and Log10SCC. DMY averages for RH and HF were 21.8±0.21 kg and 24.3±0.49 kg, respectively. The effect of season on FCA and the effect of lactation month on SNF and Log10SCC were also found to be statistically significant. Apart from DMY, not any significant difference was observed between RH and HF breeds in terms of the characteristics emphasized.

İlk Laktasyondaki Kırmızı-Alaca ve Siyah-Alaca Sığırlarda Süt ve Döl Verimi ile Süt Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kırmızı-Alaca (KA) ve Siyah-Alaca (SA) süt sığırlarında döl ve süt verimi ile süt kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla Aydın’da bir işletmede yetiştirilen ilk laktasyondaki 83 baş KA ve 14 baş SA sığıra ait kayıtlar ve aylık olarak alınan süt örnekleri kullanılmıştır. İlkine buzağılama yaşı (İBY), gebelik süresi (GS), servis periyodu (SP) buzağılama aralığı (BA), günlük ortalama süt verimi (GOSV), 305 günlük süt verimi (305-gSV), yağsız kuru madde oranı (YKMO) ve Log10 somatik hücre sayısı (Log10SHS) ortalamaları sırasıyla 27,6±0,24 ay, 278,4±1,09 gün, 144,0±7,12 gün, 421,4±7,66 gün, 22,7±0,21 kg, 6981±137,0 kg, %9,8±0,04 ve 4,59±0,02 (38905 hücre/ml) olarak hesaplanmıştır. GOSV dışında ırklar arasında İBY, GS, SP, BA, 305-gSV, YKMO, Log10SHS bakımından önemli bir farklılık saptanmamıştır. KA ve SA ırklarına ait GOSV ortalaması sırasıyla 21,8±0,21 kg ve 24,3±0,49 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. İBY üzerine doğum mevsimi, YKMO ve Log10SHS üzerine laktasyon ayı etkisi önemlidir. İlk laktasyondaki SA ve KA ırkları arasında GOSV dışında üzerinde durulan özellikler bakımından önemli bir farklılık saptanmamıştır.

PDF

___

Çakıllı F, Güneş H. 2007. Studies on the milk production traits of Brown Swiss cattle. J. Fac. Vet. Med. Istanbul Univ, 33(3): 43-58.

Duranlı M. 2008. Estimation of Phenotypic and Genetic Parameters of Some Yield Traits of Holstein-Friesian Cows Raised in Koçaş State Farm. PhD Thesis. Graduate School of Natural Science, Selçuk Univ., Konya, Turkey.

Duru S, Tuncel E. 2002a. An investigation on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian cows in Kocas State Farm. 2. Reproductive traits. Türk J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 26:103-107.

Duru S, Tuncel E. 2002b. An investigation on milk yield and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian cows in Kocas State Farm. 1. Milk yield traits. Türk J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 26: 97-101.

Erdem H, Atasever S, Kul E. 2007. Milk yield and fertility traits of Holstein cows raised at Gökhöyük State Farm 1. Milk yield traits. J. of Fac. of Agric. of OMU, 22(1): 41-46.

Gönül T. 1971. Researches on Different Milk Yield Recording and Calculation Methods in Cattle. Aegean Univ. Fac. Of Agriculture, Publication No: 177. Aegean University Press, Bornova / İzmir, Turkey.

Green LE, Schukken YH, Green MJ. 2006. On distinguishing cause and consequence: Do high somatic cell counts lead to lower milk yield or does high milk yield lead to lower somatic cell count? Preventive Veterinary Medicine 76: 74–89.

Gyawu P, Asare K, Karikari PK. 1990. The performance of imported Holstein Friesian cattle and their progeny in the humid tropics. Anim. Bred. Abst., 58: 2654.

Juozaitiene V, Juozaitis A. 2005. The influence of somatic cell count in milk on reproductive traits and production of Black and White cows. Vet. Arhiv., 407- 414.

Kaya I, Uzmay C, Kaya A, Akbaş Y. 2003. Comparative analysis of milk yield and reproductive traits of Holstein-Friesian cows born in Turkey or imported Italy and kept on farms under the Turkish-ANAFI Project. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2(2): 141-150.

Koç A. 2001. Phenotypic and Genetic Parameters Estimation of Reproduction and Milk Yield of Holstein-Friesian Cows Raised in Dalaman State Farm. PhD Thesis, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.

Koç A. 2006a. Lactation milk yields and somatic cell counts of Holstein Friesian and Brown-Swiss cattle reared in Aydın province. Hayvansal Üretim, 47(2): 1-8.

Koç A. 2006b. Analysis of repeated milk somatic cell count of Holstein-Friesian cows raised in Mediterranean climatic conditions. J. of Biol. Sci., 6(6): 1093-1097.

Koç A. 2007a. A study on fat content, non-fat dry matter content and somatic cell count of Montbeliarde and Holstein-Friesian cows. Turkish Dairy Cattle Conference Proceeding, pp: 386- 394. 25-27 October, İzmir/Turkey.

Koç A. 2007b. Daily Milk Yield, Non-Fat Dry Matter Content and Somatic Cell Count of Holstein-Friesian and Brown- Swiss Cows. Acta Vet. -Beograd, 57(5-6): 523-535.

Koç A. 2008a. Factors influencing daily yield, somatic cell count and non-fat dry matter content of milk. The Indian Veterinary Journal, 85: 630-632.

Koç A. 2008b. A study of somatic cell counts in the milk of Holstein-Friesian cows managed in Mediterranean climatic conditions. Türk. J. of Vet. Anim. Sci., 32(1): 13-18.

Koç A, Özdemir Z, Armağan G. 2009. A study on raw milk quality and affected factors produced in some dairy cattle farms in Aydın. (Poster). Pamukkale Milk and Dairy Products Symposium, 21-23 May, Kınıklı, Denizli, Turkey.

Koç A. 2011. A study of the reproductive performance, milk yield, milk constituents, and somatic cell count of Holstein- Friesian and Montbeliarde cows. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 35(5): 295-302.

Koç A, Akçay H, Yılmaz H. 2011. A study on different kind of production characteristics of Red Holstein cattle. 7. National Animal Science Conference. 14-16 Sep. Adana/Turkey.

Koç A. 2012. Short Communication. Effects of some environmental factors and extended calving interval on milk yield of Red Holstein cows. Spanish J. Agri. Res., 10(3): 717-721.

Koç A. 2015. Effects of somatic cell count and various environmental factors on milk yield and foremilk constituents of Red-Holstein cows. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 21 (3): 439-447.

Koç A. 2016. A review on Simmental Raising: 2. Studies in Turkey. J. ADU Agri. Fac., 13(2): 103 – 112.

Koç A. 2017a. A research on herd life of Holstein–Friesian, Red– Holstein and Simmental cows. J. ADU Agri. Fac., 14(2): 63-68.

Koç A. 2017b. Effects of some environmental factors on milking time milk yield in Red Holstein cows. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 5(8): 917-922.

Koç A, Akaydın S, Çatıkkaş E. 2017. A study on herd life and milk quality of cows raised at some dairy cattle farms in Aydın. Scientific Project Unit Finishing Report, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.

Nenadovic M, Gavrilovic S, Vucinic J. 1987. The relationship of age at first calving with the performance of Yugoslav Pied cows. Anim. Breed. Abst., 45:5972.

Özçelik M, Arpacık R. 2000. The effect of lactation number on milk production and reproduction in Holstein cows. Turk J. Vet. Anim. Sci, 24: 39-44.

Perez C, Buzzetti IG, Bama PN, Gonzalez MF. 1986. Milk yield characters in Holstein Friesian cows in the Metropolitan region of Chile. 1. Phenotypic characters and factors affecting variation. Anim. Bred. Abst., 54:2720.

SAS. 1999. Statistical Analysis System for Windows. (Relase 8.2). SAS Institute Inc. Raleigh, N. Caroline, USA.

Speignt BR, Fairlie BWG. 1987. The distribution of ages at first calving. Anim. Bred. Abst. 55:2092.

Şekerden Ö, Özkütük K, Pekel E. 1989. Milk and some yield characteristics of Holstein-Friesian cattle population in intensive dairy cattle farms in Amasya province. Ç. Ü. Zir. Fak. Derg., 4:56-66.

Türkyılmaz MK. 2005. Reproductive characteristics of Holstein cattle reared in a private dairy cattle enterprise in Aydın. Turk J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 1049-1052.

Uzmay C, Kaya A, Kaya I, Akbaş Y, Saçlı Y. 1998. A comparative analysis of some production characteristic of Holstein Friesian cows born in Turkey or brought from Italy in Turkish-ANAFI Project conducted in Izmir, Manisa and Aydin provinces. Aegean Region 1. Agricultural Symposium. Vol. II. 7-11 Sep. Aydın, Turkey.

Yaylak E. 2003. Researches on Some Physiological and Morphological Traits of Holstein-Friesian Cows Raised in Farms with Pedigreed Studies in Odemis Region. PhD Thesis. School of Graduate and Applied Science, Aegean Univ., İzmir, Turkey.

Yılmaz H. 2010. A Study on Milk Yield and Milk Quality Traits of Red Holstein Cows. MSc. Thesis. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Adnan Menderes Univ., Aydın, Turkey.