Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmeni Adaylarının Zihinsel Engelli Bireylerde Sporun Etkilerine Yönelik Tutum ve Farkındalık Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu araştırmanın amacı, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adaylarının zihinsel engelli bireylerde sporun etkilerine yönelik tutum ve farkındalık düzeylerini araştırmaktır. Araştırma evrenini, üniversitelerin Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümünde eğitim öğretimine devam eden beden eğitimi öğretmen adayı öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada olasılıklı olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden erişilebilir örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ise 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında Konya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Selçuk Üniversitesi ve Aksaray Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor bölümlerinde eğitim öğretimine devam eden beden eğitimi öğretmen adayı öğrenciler (n=306) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak, “Zihinsel Engelli Bireylerde Sporun Etkilerine Yönelik Farkındalık Ölçeği”, “Zihinsel Engelli Bireylerin Sportif Etkinliklerine Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kişisel bilgiler formundan elde edilen yaş değişkeni, cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, aile veya akrabada engelli birey değişkeni, düzenli spor yapıp yapmama değişkeni ve anne, baba eğitim durumu değişkenlerinin analizinde; frekans ve yüzde değerleri kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği için ikili grup karşılaştırması olan cinsiyet, aile veya akrabada engelli birey, düzenli spor yapıp yapmama değişkeni gruplarında bağımsız örneklem t testi, ikiden fazla grup karşılaştırmaları içinse tek yönlü varyans analizi olan Anova testi kullanılmıştır. Beden eğitimi öğretmen adaylarının zihinsel engellilere ilişkin farkındalık ve tutum düzeylerinin arasında ilişki olup olmadığını ortaya çıkarmak için Pearson Korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda beden eğitimi öğretmen adaylarının zihinsel engellilere ilişkin farkındalık ve tutum düzeylerinin ailede ya da akrabalarda engelli birey olup olmaması, yaş değişkeni, anne eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık olduğu (p<0.05) tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca farkındalık ve tutum arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ve güçlü bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni adaylarının zihinsel engelli bireylerde sporun etkilerine yönelik tutum ve farkındalık düzeylerinin demografik değişkenlere göre değiştiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Beden eğitimi, Farkındalık, Tutum, Zihinsel engelliler

Determination of Physical Education and Sports Teacher Candidates Attitudes and Awareness Levels Towards the Effects of Sports on Intellectually Disabled Individuals

The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes and awareness levels of physical education and sports teacher candidates towards the effects of sports on intellectually disabled individuals. The research population consists of physical education teacher candidates who continue their education in the physical education and sports departments of universities. Accessible sampling method, one of the non-random sampling methods, was used in the study. The study group of the research consists of physical education teacher candidates (n=306) who continue their education in Konya Necmettin Erbakan University, Selcuk University and Aksaray University physical education and sports departments in the 2020-2021 academic year. As data collection tools in the research, '’Awareness Scale for the Effects of Sports on Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities'’, and 'Attitude Scale Towards Sportive Activities of Intellectualy Disabled individuals'’, and '' "Personal Information Form" was used. In the analysis of the age variable, gender, class level, family or relative disabled individual variable, whether to do regular sports or not, and the educational status of the parents, obtained from the personal information form in the research; frequency and percentage values were used. Because of the data showed normal distribution, the independent sample T test was used in the groups of gender, family or relative with disability, whether doing regular sports or not. For comparisons of more than two groups, the Anova test, which is a one-way analysis of variance, was used. Pearson Correlation test was used to find out whether there is a relationship between physical education teacher candidates' awareness and attitudes towards the intellectually disabled individuals. As a result of the research, it has been determined that the awareness and attitude levels of the physical education teacher candidates towards the intellectually disabled individuals are significantly different (p<0.05) according to the variables of whether there is a disabled person in the family or relatives, the age variable, and the educational statu of mother. Also, it has been determined that there is a positive, significant and strong relationship between awareness and attitude. As a result, it can be said that the attitudes and awareness levels of physical education and sports teacher candidates towards the effects of sports on mentally handicapped individuals vary according to demographic variables.

Keywords:

Physical education, awareness, attitude, intellectually disabled,

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