Öznel İyi Oluşun Yordanmasında Sabit Kişilik Örüntüsü: Psikolojik Sermayenin Aracılık Rolü

Mutluluk kavramının psikoloji bilimindeki karşılığı olarak ifade edilen öznel iyi oluş, kişilerin kendi yaşantılarıyla ilgili nasıl hissettikleri ve düşündükleri konusundaki göstergelerden birisidir. Bu çalışmada, genetik veya kişilik kuramları ışığında beş faktör kişilik özellikleri ile süreç veya aktivite kuramlarıyla ilişkili psikolojik sermayenin, öznel iyi oluşa olan etkilerinin ortaya çıkarılması ve bu süreçte psikolojik sermayenin aracılık rolünün araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, özel bir kargo şirketinde çeşitli pozisyonlarda çalışan toplam 361 çalışandan anket yöntemi ile 12 gün ara ile toplanan verilerle yapılmıştır. Anket bataryasında Öznel İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği ve Psikolojik Sermaye Ölçeği yer almıştır. Veriler Amos v20.0 ve SPSS v.20.0 programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, sabit kişilik özelliklerinden dışadönüklük ile uyumluluğun ve durumsal nitelikteki psikolojik sermayenin aynı yönlü olarak; nörotikliğin ise ters yönlü olarak öznel iyi oluşu yordadığını, ayrıca psikolojik sermayenin yalnızca dışadönüklük ile öznel iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkide bir aracılık rolünün olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgular, öznel iyi oluş yazınında içsel uzak ve yakın bağlam olarak değerlendirilen sabit kişisel özellikler ile psikolojik nitelikler arasındaki ilişkilere yönelik bazı nedensel çıkarımların yapılmasına olanak sağlamıştır.

The concept of subjective well-being that is considered to be counterpart of the "happiness" in the psychological science is one of the indicators of how individuals think and sense their lifetime. The main purpose of this study is to explore the effects of the big five personality in the light of the genetic or personality theories and psychological capital with regards to the process or activity theories on the subjective well-being, and to seek for the mediating role of the psychological capital in this process. The data were collected at twelve-day intervals from 361 employees working in various positions in a courier company with using survey method. The survey battery comprised of Well-being Scale, Big Five Personality Scale and Psychological Capital Scale. The data were analyzed with using Amos v20.0 and SPSS v20.0 programs. The findings showed a significant positive relationship between extraversion, agreeableness, psychological capital and subjective well being, and a significant negative relationship between neuroticism and subjective well being. In addition to that psychological capital mediated the relationship between the extroversion and subjective well being. The results allowed researchers to make casual inferences about the relationship between stable personality characteristics and psychological attributes indicated as intraindividual distal and proximal context in the well being literature.

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