Gonca ŞAHİNER PIÇAK, Sevgi Sevi YESILYAPRAK

BAŞ ÜSTÜ AKTİVİTE YAPAN SPORCULARDA KAS ENERJİ TEKNİKLERİNİN POSTERİOR OMUZ GERGİNLİĞİ VE GLENOHUMERAL İNTERNAL ROTASYON DEFİSİTİNDEKİ ETKİNLİĞİ: SİSTEMATİK DERLEME

Amaç: Posterior omuz gerginliği (POG) ve glenohumeral internal rotasyon defisiti (GİRD), baş üstü sporcularda sık görülen biyomekanik değişikliklerdir. Kanıtlar, POG ve GİRD varlığının subakromiyal ağrı sendromuyla ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. POG’u iyileştirmek için sıklıkla posterior omuz germe egzersizleri yapılır. Kas Enerjisi Teknikleri (KET) uzun süredir rehabilitasyonda etkin bir şekilde kullanılmakta ve son yıllarda KET’in GİRD üzerindeki etkilerini araştıran çalışmaların sayısı artmaktadır. Sporcular antrenmanda genellikle statik germe tekniklerini kullanırlar, ancak GİRD, baş üstü aktivite yapan sporcularda yaygın bir şekilde görülmeye devam etmektedir. GİRD'de KET’in etkisinin ortaya çıkarılması, sporcularda GİRD oluşumunu etkin bir şekilde önleyebilecek germe egzersizinin belirlenmesinde faydalı olabilir. Yöntem: Sistematik bir literatür taraması gerçekleştirdik. İlgili çalışmalar uygun elektronik veri tabanlarından (CINAHL, Cochrane Review, Pubmed (MEDLINE), Web of Science ve Google Scholar©) araştırıldı ve dahil edilmek üzere değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Sistematik literatür araştırması 178 ilgili makale ile sonuçlandı ve derlemeye 8 makale dahil edildi. Sonuç ölçümü olarak GİRD’in dahil edilen tüm çalışmalarda değerlendirilirken, POG’un 4 çalışmada değerlendirildiği belirlendi. Tartışma: Bu sistematik literatür derlemesine göre MET, baş üstü aktivite yapan sporcularda GİRD ve POG’un iyileştirilmesinde tavsiye edilmektedir. Gelecekteki araştırmalar semptomatik omuzlara odaklanmalı ve KET germelerinin uzun süreli etkilerini araştırmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yaralanmalar, Mobilite, Fizik Tedavi

EFFECTIVENESS OF MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUES ON GLENOHUMERAL INTERNAL ROTATION DEFICIT IN OVERHEAD ATHLETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Purpose: Posterior shoulder tightness (PST) and Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) are frequent biomechanical changes in overhead athletes. Evidence has shown that PST and the presence of GIRD increase subacromial pain syndrome. Posterior shoulder stretching exercises are used to improve posterior shoulder tightness. Muscle Energy Techniques (MET) are a long-established and effective approach, and the number of studies investigating the effects of MET on GIRD has been increasing in recent years. Despite the use of static stretching techniques in training, GIRD continues to be common in athletes performing overhead activities. Therefore, revealing the effects of MET on GIRD might be effective in determining the type of stretching most appropriate for preventing GIRD in athletes. Methods: We performed a systematic literature review, assessing the relevance of studies for inclusion and selecting the studies from appropriate electronic databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Review, Pubmed (MEDLINE), Web of Science as well as Google Scholar©). Results: The present systematic literature search generated 178 relevant citations and 8 articles were included in the final review. As an outcome measure, GIRD was assessed in all eight, whereas PST was assessed in four. Conclusion: According to this systematic literature review, MET is effective in the improvement of GIRD and PST in overhead athletes. Future research should focus on symptomatic shoulders and investigate the long-term benefits of MET.

Keywords:

Injuries, Mobility, Physical Therapy,

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