Bergüzar KARA

Tüberküloz kontrolünde başlıca sorunlardan biri: Tedaviye uyum

Tüberküloz (TB) önlenebilen ve tedavi edilebilen bir hastalık olmasına karşın, dünya nüfusunun yaklaşık üçte biri TB basili ile enfektedir. TB, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Tedavinin güç olması ve birçok antibiyotiğin uzun süre kullanılması nedeniyle TB tedavi programına uyumsuzluk yaygındır. TB tedavisine uyumsuzluk sıklığının %20 ile %80 aralığında yer aldığı tahmin edilmektedir. TB tedavisine uyumsuzluk, hastalığın kontrolünde en ciddi engeldir. Çünkü tamamlanmayan tedavi enfeksiyon sürecinin uzamasına, ilaç direncine, hastalığın tekrarına ve ölüme yol açabilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, hastaların tedaviye uyumunu etkileyen faktörlerin ele alınması, tedavinin etkinliğini artırabilir ve daha iyi sağlık sonuçlarına ulaşmaya yardım edebilir. Bu derlemede, hastalarda TB tedavisine uyum ve etkileyen faktörlerle ilgili kanıtlar gözden geçirilmekte ve sağlık personellerine önerilerde bulunulmaktadır.

One of the major problems in tuberculosis control: Adherence to therapy

Abstract: Although tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and curable disease, approximately one third of the world’s population is infected with the TB bacillus. Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in especially developing countries. Nonadherence to TB therapy regimes is common, as treatment is difficult and requires long courses of multiple antibiotics. It is estimated that the rate of nonadherence to TB treatment ranges from 20 to 80%. Nonadherence to TB treatment is the most serious barrier in disease control because incomplete treatment may result in prolonged infectiousness, drug resistance, relapse and death. However, handling the factors affecting adherence to treatment for the patients may increase the efficiency of the treatment and help to reach better health outcomes. This article reviews evidence regarding adherence to TB treatment in patients and affecting factors and makes recommendations for health care professionals.

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