Necmettin KOÇAK, Mahir GÜLEÇ, Ömer Faruk TEKBAŞ

Suyun sertlik derecesi ve sağlık etkileri

Suyun sertliği, su içerisinde bulunan iyonların sayısını ve özellikle kalsiyum, magnezyumun sülfat ve karbonat tuzlarının miktarını belirtmek için kullanılan bir terimdir. Suyun bu özelliği içme, endüstri ve hizmet alanında kullanımı için önemli bir kalite özelliğidir. Suyun geçici sertliği kalsiyum ve magnezyum bikarbonat tuzları ile kalıcı sertlik ise kalsiyum ve magnezyumun klor, sülfat, nitrat, fosfat ve silikat tuzları ile oluşmaktadır. Suların sertliğinin ölçümü amacıyla Ülkemizde Fransız sertlik derecesi kullanılmaktadır. Sert suların içinde daha fazla miktarda kalsiyum ve magnezyum tuzu bulunmaktadır. Bu minerallerin insan vücudunda çok önemli görevleri vardır. Bu çalışmada güncel bilgiler ışığında sert suyun insan sağlığı açısından önemi değerlendirilmiştir. Sert suyun kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, serebrovasküler hastalıklar, inme ve birçok kanser çeşidinde koruyucu bir rol oynadığına yönelik olan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Sert su içerisindeki kalsiyum ve magnezyum içeriği ne kadar yüksek ise söz konusu hastalıkları o kadar azalttığı ifade edilmektedir. Günlük hayatta en az 2 lt tüketilmesi gereken su, insan hayatı için çok önemlidir. Sert su, özellikle kalsiyum ve magnezyum gibi günlük olarak alınması gereken minerallerin bir çoğunu içermektedir. Tüketilmesi gereken suyun orta sertlikte olması önerilir. Suyun sertliği estetik bir parametre olup, yumuşak suya alışkın damak tadı olan toplumlarda belediyeler tarafından temin edilen şebeke sularının bireyler tarafından evlerde değişik cihazlar kullanılarak yumuşatılmaya çalışılması, yumuşak su kategorisindeki şişe ve damacana sularının içme suyu olarak tercih edilmesi toplum sağlığı açısından sert suyun yararlarından mahrum kalmak anlamına geleceği gibi su hijyeni açısından da riskler oluşturabilecektir.

Water hardness level and it’s health effects

Water hardness is a term used to define the number of ions contained in the water, especially quantity sulphate, carbonate salts of calcium and magnesium. This characteristis of water is a important quality in it’s use as drinking water, industrial water and service water. The temporary hardness level of water cames from bicarbonate salts of calcium and magnesium whereas chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, silicate salts of calcium and magnesium. İn order to indicate the hardness level of water samples French Hardness Level is used in our country. There is a larger amounth of calcium and magnesium salts in hard water samples. These minerals have very important functions in the human body. İn this study, the importance of hard water in terms of human health has been assessed under light of current information. The studies about the preventive role of hard water in cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, stroke and many types of cancer areviewed. These studies Express that higher levels of calcium and magnesium hard water provide a higher reduction in these disease. Water, which must be consumed as 2 liters per dayis very important for human life. Hard water contains a lot of the minerals that must be taker daily, especially calcium and magnesium. İt’s advised that water for consumption to have medium hardness. The hardness level of water is an aesthetic quality. Thus, in populations having a taste for soft water, the effort of individuals to softer the network water provided by municipalities using different equipments, in addition to their preference of soft water in plastic or glass bottles for consumption could imply lack of benefit of hard water for population health and also bring out some risks in terms of water hygiene.

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