Kalp damar hastalıkları ve çevresel faktörler

Epidemiyolojik ve klinik birçok çalışma sadece majör risk faktörleri ve genetik faktörlerin değil aynı zamanda çevresel faktörlerin de kalp damar hastalıklarının oluşmasında etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Çevresel faktörler kalp damar hastalıklarının temel belirleyicilerindendir. Sigara içme, diyet alışkanlığı ve fiziksel egzersiz alışkanlığı gibi majör faktörler yaygın bir şekilde bilindiği halde kimyasal kirlilik gibi diğer çevresel faktörlerin etkisi daha az bilinmektedir. Ancak çevredeki fiziksel ve kimyasal kirlilik etkenlerine maruz kalmanın kalp damar hastalığının riskini artırdığı bilinmektedir. Çevresel faktörler ile koroner arter hastalığı, kardiyomiyopati ve aritmiler arasında ilişki olduğu birçok çalışmada bulunmuştur. Arsenik, kurşun, kadmiyum, değişik kirletici gazlar ve solventler, pestisitler kalp damar hastalıkları ile ilişkili çevresel kimyasalların başlıcalarıdır. Bu yazıda kalp damar hastalıkları ile fiziksel, kimyasal, biyolojik ve sosyokültürel çevresel faktörler arasındaki ilişkiler incelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çevre sağlığı, Kalp damar hastalıkları, Çevresel maruziyet, Risk faktörleri

Environmental factors and cardiovascular diseases

Epidemiological and clinical observations have led to the hypothesis that the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases is influenced not only by genetic, lifestyle and major risk factors, but also by environmental factors. Environmental factors are considered key determinants of cardiovascular diseases. Although lifestyle choices such as smoking, diet, and exercise are viewed as major environmental influences, the contribution of pollutants and environmental chemicals is less clear. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to physically and chemical pollutants could elevate the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Many epidemiological studies report that exposure to physically, biologically and socio-cultural environmental factors are associated with an increase in cardiovascular mortality. Relationships between environmental factors and coronary arter disease, arhythmias, and cardiomyopathies have been reported. Exposures to arsenic, lead, cadmium, pollutant gases, solvents, and pesticides have also been linked to increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. In this paper, I review that relationships between exposure to physically, chemical, biologically and socio-cultural environmental factors and cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords:

Environmental Health, Cardiovascular Diseases, Environmental Exposure, Risk Factors,

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