Ferhat GÜRKAN ASLAN, TERCAN US, NİLGÜN KAŞİFOĞLU, Sabit Sinan ÖZALP, Yurdanur AKGÜN, Tufan ÖĞE, Müge ASLAN

Eskişehir bölgesi'ndeki kadınlarda human papillomavirus (Hpv) DNA pozitifliği ve olası risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışmada, Eskişehir Kanser Erken Teşhis, Tarama ve Eğitim Merkezi'ne (KETEM) tarama amaçlı başvuran, 30-65 yaş arası kadınlarda, HPV DNA prevalansının belirlenmesi ve olası risk faktörlerinin HPV DNA pozitifliği üzerine etkisinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırmaya, Eskişehir Kanser Erken Teşhis, Tarama ve Eğitim Merkezi'ne (KETEM) tarama amaçlı başvuran, 30-65 yaş arası 1081 kadın dahil edildi. Demografik bilgilerin ve olası risk faktörlerinin sorgulandığı anket uygulanan tüm katılımcılardan, üreticinin talimatları doğrultusunda, servikal sürüntü örneği alındı. Alınan örneklerde HPV DNA varlığının araştırılması, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi (ESOGÜ) Tıp Fakültesi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı'nda, HybridCapture 2 (HC 2; Qiagen, Hilden, Almanya) kiti kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Moleküler yöntem sonuçları ve anket verilerinin istatistiksel analizleri SPSS 20.0 paket programları ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya dahil edilen kadınlarda yüksek riskli ve düşük riskli HPV varlığı ayrı ayrı araştırılmış ve toplam 32 (%3.0) örnekte, HC 2 testi ile HPV varlığı saptanmıştır. Risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi için katılımcılara uygulanan anket sonuçlarının istatistiksel analizinde ise; doğum sayısının fazla olması, oral kontraseptif (OKS) yöntemi ile korunmak ve sigara içmek gibi değişkenlerin HPV DNA pozitifliği üzerinde anlamlı etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar: Servikal kanserin önlenmesinde tarama programlarına ek olarak HPV enfeksiyonundan korunmak da önemlidir. Bu konuda yapılabilecek uygulamalar, olası risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi ve bunlara yönelik önlemler alınması olarak düşünülebilir. Ülkemizde, HPV enfeksiyonları ile sosyal gruplar arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmalı, HPV enfeksiyonunun sıklığı, sonuçları, takibi, tedavisi, kontrolü ve önlenmesi konusunda daha detaylı çalışmalar yapılmalı; toplumumuz bu konuda eğitilerek bilinçlendirilmelidir

The positivity for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and evaluation of probable risk factors among women in Eskişehir region

The aim of this study was to define the prevalence of HPV DNA in females aged 30-65 years who presented for scanning at Eskişehir Training Centre for Early Cancer Diagnosis and Scanning (KETEM) and to research the effect of potential risk factors on HPV DNA positivity. Method: The study comprised 1081 females aged 30-65 years who presented for scanning at Eskişehir Training Centre for Early Cancer Diagnosis and Scanning (KETEM). All participants completed a questionnaire with demographic information and data on potential risk factors then cervical smear samples were taken according to the kit manufacturer's instructions. The testing to determine the presence of HPV DNA in the samples was applied at the Microbiology Laboratory of Eskişehir Osmanagazi University Medical Faculty using the Hybrid Capture 2 kit (HC 2: Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for the molecular method results and the statistical analysis of the questionnaire data. Results: The high risk and low risk subjects included in the study were examined separately for the presence of HPV. In a total of 32 samples (3.0%), HPV was determined to be present with the HC 2 test. In the statistical analysis of the results of a survey applied to the participants for evaluating the risk factors; significant effection HPV DNA positivity was determined on the variables such as, a higher number of births, protection with oral contraception (OCS) method and smoking. Conclusions: In addition to the prevention of cervical cancer, scanning programs are also important in protection against HPV infection. Applications which could be implemented on this subject can be considered as defining the potential risk factors and taking precautions against them. More detailed studies should be conducted in Turkey to research the relationship between HPV infections and social groups, the frequency of HPV infection, results, follow-up, treatment, control and prevention. Communities must be made aware of this subject through public health education

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