AN EVALUATION OF SYLVIIDAE SPECIES IN THE TRANSPORT OF POLLEN: A CASE STUDY OF İSTANBUL

Tozlaşma sırasında polenler, başta rüzgâr olmak üzere böcek, kuş, sürüngen gibi canlı veya cansız etmenlerle uzak mesafelere taşınabilmektedir. Avrupa’da kuşların polen taşıması ile ilgili pek çok çalışma olmasına rağmen, Türkiye’de kuş türlerinin taşıdıkları polenlerle ilgili herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Sylviidae türlerinin tozlaşmaya katkısının araştırılması ve bu kuşların taşıdığı polenin hangi bitki türlerine ait olduğunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma alanı olan İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Avcılar Kampüsündeki geçici halkalama istasyonunda Sylviidae familyasına ait Sylvia atricapilla (Linnaeus), S. borin (Boddaert), Curruca communis (Latham), C. cantillans (Pallas), C. curruca (Linnaeus) ve C. melanocephala (Gmelin) yakalanmış ve polen taşıdığı düşünülen kuşlardan toplam 35 tüy örneği alınmıştır. Bu tüy örneklerinde gerçekleştirilen polen analizleri sonucunda sadece Curruca curruca ve Sylvia atricapilla kuş türlerine ait 18 tüy örneğinde polenlerin hangi bitki türüne ait oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Kuşların Pinus (Çam), Aesculus (At kestanesi), Prunus (Erik), Spiraea (İspirya), Quercus (Meşe), Fraxinus (Dişbudak) ve Melia (Tespih ağacı) olmak üzere 8 bitki cinsine ait polenleri taşıdığı tespit edilmiştir. Curruca curruca tarafından en fazla taşınan polenler Prunus cinsine (% 63,5), en az taşınanlar ise Aesculus cinsine (%0,9) aittir. Sylvia atricapilla tarafından en fazla taşınan polenler Melia cinsine (%48,1) en az taşınanlar ise Crocus L. cinsine (%0,2) ait bulunmuştur. Sylviidae familyası türlerinin, ilkbahardaki besinlerinin arasında polenlerin olması, kuşların alana göç ile gelme zamanları ile tozlaşma zamanlarının uyumu ve taşıdıkları polenlerin ait oldukları bitki taksonlarının alanda yaygın olması S. atricapilla ve C. currca’nın tozlaşmaya yardımcı olduklarını düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışmada İstanbul ölçeğinde kuşların tozlaşmaya katkısını ortaya koyan ilk çalışma olmakla birlikte, polenler ve kuşlarla ilgili gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalara veri kaynağı olacaktır.

AN EVALUATION OF SYLVIIDAE SPECIES IN THE TRANSPORT OF POLLEN: A CASE STUDY OF İSTANBUL

During pollination, pollen grains can be transported to distant distances by various factors such as wind, insects, birds, and reptiles. While there have been numerous studies on pollen transportation by birds in Europe, there is a lack of research concerning the pollen grains transported by bird species in Turkey. In this context, we explored the role of Sylviidae species in pollination and identified the plant species whose pollen is transported by these birds. The temporary ringing station located at İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Avcılar Campus was selected as the study area and a total of 35 feather samples were collected from individuals of Sylvia atricapilla (Linnaeus), S. borin (Boddaert), Curruca communis (Latham), C. cantillans (Pallas), C. curruca (Linnaeus) and C. melanocephala (Gmelin) captured at station. Based on the analysis of pollen found on the feather samples, it was determined that the pollen found in 18 feather samples of Curruca curruca and Sylvia atricapilla provided pollen belonging to Pinus (Pine), Aesculus (Horse chestnut), Prunus (Plum), Spiraea (Spiraea), Quercus (Oak), Fraxinus (Ash) and Melia (Bead tree). The most commonly determined pollen on C. curruca were of Prunus (63.5%), while the least common were of Aesculus (0.9%). The most commonly determined pollen on S. atricapilla were of Melia (48.1%), while the least common were of Crocus (0.2%). The presence of pollen among the food sources of Sylviidae species during spring, the synchronization between the arrival time of birds in the study area during migration and the pollination period of the determined plant taxa, and the prevalence of these taxa in the study area suggest that S. atricapilla and C. curruca may be contributing to pollination.

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Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences-Cover
  • ISSN: 2147-0294
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2000
  • Yayıncı: Trakya Üniversitesi
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