Tagetes patula L. Bitkisinin Fitoremediasyon lı Kullanım Potansiyelinin Su Kültürü Koşullarında Araştırılması

Çeşitli kaynaklardan toprağa katılan kadmiyum (Cd) bitki büyüme ve gelişmesini azaltan ve besin zincirinekatıldığında canlılar için tehlikeli olan toksik bir metaldir. Özellikle ucuz, etkili, çevre dostu ve uygulanmasıkolay fitoremediasyon yöntemi kullanılarak Cd ile kirlenmiş tarım topraklarının temizlenmesi içinhiperakümülatör bitkilerin araştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla Tagetes patula L. (Kadife çiçeği) bitkisininCd hiperakümülasyon potansiyeli araştırılmıştır. Deneme artan dozlarda (0-5-10-20-40 µM) ve 8CdSO4.7H2Oformunda uygulanmış Cd'un su kültürü ortamında Tagetes patula L. bitkisinin Cd akümülasyonu, bakır (Cu),demir (Fe), çinko (Zn), mangan (Mn) ve indirgenmiş glutatyon konsantrasyonuna etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bitkiler15 gün süre ile üç paralelli olarak Hoagland besin solüsyonunda kontrollü koşullarda yetiştirilmiştir. Denemesonunda Cd uygulamalarındaki artışla bitkilerin yeşil aksam ve kök kuru ağırlıklarındaki azalmaya rağmen Cdkonsantrasyonlarında ve içeriklerinde (kontentlerinde) bir artış olmuştur. Tagetes patula L. bitkisi yeşil aksamındahiperakümülasyon değerinin (100 mg Cd kg-1) 8 katı Cd biriktirmiştir. Bu sonuç Tagetes patula L. bitkisinin Cdile kirlenmiş toprakların fitoremediasyonunda kullanım potansiyelinin yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir.

Investigation of Phytoremediation Potential of Tagetes patulaL. Plant in Hydroponic Culture Conditions

Cadmium entering soil from various sources is a very serious problem for plant and animal growthand development when it participates in food chain. Particularly hyperaccumulator plants should beinvestigated for phytoremediation of cadmium contaminated agricultural lands so that it is a cheap,efficient and environmentally friendly method. For this purpose, Cd hyperaccumulation potential ofTagetes patula L. plant was investigated. The effects of increasing Cd doses (0-5-10-20-40µM) in8CdSO4.7H2O form on Cd, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and reduced glutathioneconcentration were investigated in Tagetes patula L. plant growing in hydroponic culture media. Plantswere grown under controlled conditions in Hoagland nutrient solution as 3 replications for 15 days. Atthe end of the experiments, despite the reduction in shoot and root dry weights with the increasing Cdtreatments, Cd concentrations and contents increased. Tagetes plants have accumulated eight fold Cdthan hyperaccumulation value (100 mg Cd kg-1) in shoots. This result indicated that Tagetes patula L.plant had great potential for phytoremediation to clean up Cd-contaminated soils.

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