Ülviye KAMBUROĞLU ÇEBİ, Recep ÇAKIR, Hasan Hayri TOK

Tarla koşullarında uygulanan trifluralin herbisidinin toprakta taşınımı ve birikimi

Günümüzde tarım alanlarında en önemli amaçlardan bir tanesi, artan nüfusa ve ona paralel olarak artan gıda gereksinimi karşılamaya yönelik olarak yüksek tarımsal üretimin sağlanmasıdır. Bu bağlamda, birim alandan daha fazla verim almak amacı ile tarımda kullanılan birçok tarımsal girdi, tarımsal üretim sistemini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Herbisit girdisi bunların en önemlilerinden biri olup başta su ve toprak gibi doğal kaynakları kirletmesi ve topraktaki kalıntıları ile bir çok makro ve mikro canlının yanı sıra, topraktan yıkanarak yer altı suyuna ve akarsu, göl ve deniz gibi su yüzeylerine ulaşarak yaşayan canlıları direkt olarak, ya da bu canlı organizmalarda birikerek besin zincirini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Araştırma, Trakya Bölgesi Turgutbey sulama sahasında üreticilerin açtıkları kuyulardan sağlanan su ile sulama uygulaması yapılan toprakları kapsamaktadır. Sahaya ait toprakların farklı katmanlarında trifluralin herbisitinin toprakta taşınımı ve kalıntı olarak birikimi irdelenmiştir. Çalışmada, farklı organik madde ve bünyeye sahip 16 farklı noktada ve 3 katmanda örnekleme yapılmıştır. Dört yıllık çalışmada, 2,4 (min.) ile 1200 (max.) ug/L düzeyinde trifluralin kalıntı miktarları belirlenmiştir. Toprak örneklerinde profillerin üst katmanlarında trifluralin miktarları daha yüksek olurken alt katlara inildiğinde konsantrasyonlarda düşme görülmektedir. Ayrıca ilkbaharda alınan topraklardaki trifluralin konsantrasyonlarının sonbaharda yapılan toprak örneklemelerindeki konsantrasyonlara oranla daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Trifluralin, toprak, taşınma, birikim

Convection and accumulation of trifluralin herbicide in the soil in field conditions

Nowadays, one of the most important purposes in agricultural areas is to provide high agricultural production in order to supply the increasing food requirement according to the increasing population. In this context, many agricultural inputs which are used in order to get more yield from unit area effect the agricultural production system negatively. Herbicide is one the most important inputs, pollutes the natural resources such as water and soil and effects the living creatures by reaching to the rivers, lakes and seas and underground waters besides several macro and micro livings or effects the food chain by cumulating in these living organisms. This research includes the soils to which the irrigation application is done by the water in the wells in Turgutbey irrigation areas in Thrace region. Convection and accumulation of trifluralin herbicide in different layers of the soil were examined. Sampling was done in 16 different points and 3 layers which had different organic matters and structure. Trifluralin residual amounts were determined in 1200 (max.) ug/L level with 2,4 (min.). The trifluralin amounts were determined to be higher in the top layers of the profiles in the soil samples but decline in the concentrations was seen in the substratum. Besides, the trifluralin concentrations in the soils taken in spring were determined to be higher than the concentrations in the soil samples in autumn.

Keywords:

Trifluralin, Soil, Convection, Accumulation,

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