Nutullah ÖZDEMİR, Ö. Tebessüm KOP DURMUŞ, MURAT DURMUŞ, İMANVERDİ EKBERLİ

Organik düzenleyici uygulamalarının farklı pH düzeylerine sahip topraklarda yarayışlı çinko içeriğine etkisi

Bu çalışma, farklı pH değerine sahip yüzey toprak örneklerine sera koşullarında çöp kompostu (ÇK), tütün işleme atığı (TİA) ve çeltik kavuzu kompostu (ÇKK) uygulamasının elverişli çinko (Zn) miktarına etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme toprakları kili tın ve tın tekstürlü, asit, nötr ve alkalin reaksiyonlu, tuz içeriği düşük, organik madde miktarı orta-az, kireç içeriği az-fazla arasında olan topraklardır. Bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre yürütülen çalışmada, çöp kompostu, tütün işleme atığı, çeltik kavuzu kompostu topraklara 4 farklı dozda (% 0, % 2.5, % 5.0, % 7.5) iki tekrarlamalı olarak uygulanmıştır. Hazırlanan karışımlarda bir aylık inkübasyon periyodundan sonra marul bitkisi yetiştirilmiştir. Denemenin sonrasında yapılan analiz ve değerlendirme verilerine göre, asit, nötr ve alkalin reaksiyona sahip topraklara ilave edilen çöp kompostu, tütün atığı ve çeltik kavuzu kompostunun, toprakların bitkilere elverişli çinko elementi içeriklerini artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Düzenleyici etkinliğinin toprağın asit, nötr ve alkalin olma durumu ile kullanılan materyalin niteliğine ve uygulama dozuna göre değiştiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

pH, çinko, organik düzenleyici, besin elementi elverişliliği

Effects of organic conditioner applications on available zinc contents in soils having different pH levels

This study was carried out to determine the effects of rice husk compost (ÇKK), town waste compost (ÇK) and tobacco waste (TIA) applications on available zinc contents (Zn) in soils having different pH levels under greenhouse conditions. Soil samples used in this study were taken from (0-20 cm) depth of soil surface of the lands around Samsun. Conditioners were supplied from the different corporations. Soil samples are moderately fine, fine and moderate in texture, acidic, neutral and alkaline in pH, low in salt content, low and moderate in organic matter level and low and high in lime content. In the study carried out in split split plot experimental design, rice husk compost, town waste compost and tobacco waste were applied into soils at four doses (0%, 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5%) with two replicates. After a month of incubation period, plants were grown in prepared media. According to analyses and evaluation of the results, it was determined that applications of rice husk compost, town waste compost and tobacco waste into acidic (Tepecik), neutral (Kampüs) and alkaline (Çetinkaya) soils increased available Zn contents of soils. It was observed that effectiveness of soil conditioner changed depend on acid, neutral or alkaline soil reaction status with application dose and material property of conditioner.

Keywords:

pH, zinc, organic conditioner, nutrient availability,

PDF

___

Almas AR, Singh BR, 2001. Plant uptake of Cadmium-109 and Zinc-65 at different temperatures and organic matter levels. Journal of Environmental Quality 30: 869- 877.
Antoniadis V, Robinson JS, Alloway BJ, 2008. Effects of short-term pH fluctuations on cadmium, nickel, lead, and zinc availability to ryegrass in a sewage sludgeamended field. Chemosphere. 71: 759–764.
Aşkın T, 2009. Soil cation exchange capacity: A study from pasture with spatial distribution patterns. Tenth Baku International Congress on “Energy, Ecology, Economy”, 267-271, September 23-29, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Binder DL, Dobermann A, Sander DH, Cabsman, KG, 2002. Biosolids as N source for irrigated maize and rainfed sorghum. Soil Science Society of American Journal 66: 531-543.
Çerçioğlu M, 2011. Sürdürülebilir tarımda tütün atığı kullanım olanakları. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 25(2): 101-107.
Dai AG, Lamb PJ, Trenberth KE, Hulme M, Jones PD, Xie P, 2004. The recent Sahel drought is real. International Journal of Climatology 24(11): 1323-1331.
Demir Z, Gülser C, 2015. Effects of rice husk compost application on soil quality parameters in greenhouse conditions. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science 3: 185-190.
Demiralay I, 1993. Toprak Fiziksel Analizleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No : 143, Erzurum.
De Temmerman L, Vanongeval L, Boon W, Hoenig M, 2003. Heavy metal content of arable soils in northern Belgium. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 148: 61–76.
Du Laing G, Rinklebe J, Vandecasteele B, Meers E, Tack FMG, 2009. Trace metal behaviour in estuarine and riverine floodplain soils and sediments: a review. Science of the Total Environment 407:3972–3985.
Gote H, Nimaki M, 1980. Agricultural utilization of natural zeolite as soil conditioners. II. Tokyo Nokyo Daigaku Nogaku Shuho 24: 305–315. Gülser C, Candemir F, 2012. Changes in penetration resistance of a clay field with organic waste applications. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science 1(1): 16 – 21
Gülser C, Kızılkaya R, Aşkın T, Ekberli İ, 2015. Changes in soil quality by compost and hazelnut husk applications in a Hazelnut Orchard. Compost Science & Utilization 23(3), 135-141.
Hettiarachchi GM, Ryan JA, Chaney RL, LaFleur CM, 2003. Sorption and desorption of cadmium by different fractions of biosolids-amended soils. Journal of Environmental Quality 32: 1684–1693.
Impellitteri CA, Lu YF, Saxe JK, Allen HE, Peijnenburg WJGM, 2002. Correlation of the partitioning of dissolved organic matter fractions with the desorption of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn from 18 Dutch soils. Environment International 28(5): 401–410.
Kacar B, 1994. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: III, Toprak Analizleri. Ankara Üniv. Zir. Fak. Eğitim Araş.ve Geliş. Vakfı Yayınları, No: 3, Ankara.
Katkat AV, Çil N, 1996. Bitki Besleme Uygulama Kılavuzu. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Uygulama Kılavuzu No: 8, Bursa.
Kızılkaya R, Aşkın T, 2002. Influence of cadmium fractions on microbiological properties in Bafra plain soils. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 48(3), 263-272.
Klute A, 1986. Water retention: Laboratory methods. In a Klute (Ed.) Method of Soil Analysis Part I, Second edition, Argon. Monog. No 9 ASA Madison WI 635-662.
Korkmaz A, Horuz A, 2005. Pirit Külü Uygulanmış Torf Ortamında EDTA’nın Pirit Külünden Serbestlenen Fe-Mn-Zn Kapsamına ve Bu Ortamda Yetiştirilen Mısır Bitkisinin Gelişimine Etkileri. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 20(2): 11-14.
Korkmaz A, Saltalı K, 2012. Bitki Besin Elementi yarayışlılığını Etkileyen faktörler. Bölüm 2. Bitki Beslemenin Temel İlkeleri. Ed: Karaman, M.R. Gübretaş Rehber Kitaplar Dizisi, Pelin Matbaacılık, Çorum, 93-123.
McCauley A, Jones C, Jacobsen J, 2009. Soil pH and organic matter. Nutrient Management Module 8. Montana State University, USA. Available from http://landresources.montana.edu/NM/Modules/Module8.pdf.
Mamedov AI, Beckmann S, Huang C, Levy GJ, 2006. Aggregate stability as affected by polyacrylamide molecular weight, soil texture, and water quality. Soil Science Society of American Journal 71:1909-1918.
Mantovi P, Bonazzi G, Maestri E, Marmiroli N, 2003. Accumulation of copper and zinc from liquid manure in agricultural soils and crop plants. Plant and Soil 250: 249–257
Martinez FG, Cuevas Calvo R, Walter I, 2003. Application of urban organic waste to a degraded semiarid ecosystem: effects on soil and native plant community development. Journal of Environmental Quality 32: 772-479.
Mumpton FA, 1983. The Role of Natural Zeolites in Agriculture Zeo-Agriculture use of Natural Zeolites in Agriculture (ed. Wilson. 6 Paundand F.A. Mumpton): 3-27.
Özdemir N, Uzun S, Yakupoğlu T, 2007. TheEffect of theRates at DifferentOrganicFertilizers on RestoringA ggregate Stabilityand Productivity of Eroded Solis. Biological Agricultureand Horticulture, 25: 175-183.
Ros M, Hernandez MT, Garcia C, 2003. Bioremediation of degraded soils with sewage sludge: effects on soil properties and erosion losses. Environmental Management 31: 741-747.
Özdemir N, Uzun S, Yakupoğlu T, 2007. TheEffect of the Rates at DifferentOrganicFertilizers on Restoring Aggregate Stabilityand Productivity of Eroded Solis. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 25: 175-183.
Rowell DL, 1996. Soil Science Methods & Applications. Wesley Longman Limited, Harlow.
Shuman LM, 1986. Effect of liming on the distribution of manganase, copper, iron and zinc among soil fractions. Soil Science Society of American Journal 50: 1236-1240.
Yakupoğlu T, Ozturk E, Ozdemir N, Ozkaptan S, 2010. Asit Topraklarda Duzenleyici Uygulamalarının Mısır Bitkisinde Mikroelement İçeriğine Etkileri. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 25(2): 100-105.