Ebru Özdeniz, Ayşenur Bölükbaşı, Latif Kurt, Beste Gizem Özbey

Jipsofil bitkilerin ekolojisi

Türkiye kuzey yarımkürede yer alan ülkeler arasında biyoçeşitlilik bakımından zengin bir ülkedir. Türkiye’nin bu kadar çeşitliliğe sahip olmasının nedenlerinden biri edafik faktördür. Ülkemiz marnlı, marnlı jipsli, jipsli, serpantinli, alüvyal gibi çok farklı anamateryal çeşitlerini barındırdığından önemli endemik merkezlerdendir. Jips içeren topraklar dünyada kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerde yaklaşık 100 milyon hektarlık bir alan kaplamaktadır. Ülkemizde de önemli oranlarda bulunan jips içeren topraklar endemik ve nadir türleri barındırarak biyoçeşitliliğe katkıda bulunmaktadır. Yetişme ortamı (anamateryal) faktörü fiziksel ve kimyasal etkilerinden dolayı kurak bölgelerde çoğu bitki için önemli bir faktördür. Jips içeren topraklar bitki yaşamı için fiziksel ve kimyasal stres ortamı yaratmaktadır. Bu ortamda yetişen bitkiler ancak bazı adaptasyon stratejileri geliştirerek hayatta kalabilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasında ülkemizde edafik çeşitliliğe örnek olan jips içeren toprakların ekolojisi hakkında bilgiler paylaşılmış, ayrıca jipsin tanımı, jips içeren topraklar üzerinde yetişen bitkilerin adlandırılması, jipsin bitki üzerinde yarattığı fiziksel ve kimyasal stresten bahsedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Jips, Jipsofil, Jipsofit, Jipsovag, Edafik endemizm

Ecology of gypsophile plants

Turkey is a rich country in terms of biodiversity among the countries in the northern hemisphere. Edaphic diversity is one of the main biodiversity reasons of Turkey. Our country is an important endemism center because of hosting many different parent material types such as marnly, marnly gypsum, gypsum, serpentine, alluvial. Gypsum soils cover at about 100 million hectares of land in arid and semi-arid areas in the world. A significant amount of gypsum soils in our country are contributing significantly the biodiversity by hosting endemic and rare species. Parent rock factor because of their physical and chemical effects, is an important factor for most crops in arid regions. Gypsum soils are creating physical and chemical stress environment for plant life. The plants which grow in this environment can survive nevertheless by some developing adaptation strategies. In this review article, as an example to edaphic diversity, informations about the ecology of gypsum soils have been shared; further, description of gypsum, nomenclature of plants living on gypsum and the physical and chemical stress on plants have been discoursed.

Keywords:

Gypsum, Gypsophile, Gypsophyte, Gypsovag, Edaphic endemism,

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