MikroRNA Polimorfizmleri ve Kanser
MikroRNA’lar (miRNA’lar) gen ekspresyon yolaklarını düzenleyerek biyolojik süreçte önemlibir rol oynamaktadır. miRNA’ların işlevini yerine getirememesi kronik hastalıklardan kanserekadar birçok patolojik gelişmeye yol açmaktadır. Son zamanlarda yapılan araştırmalar, bupatolojik gelişmelere miRNA dizilerinde tanımlanan tek nükleotid polimorfizmlerinin (SNP)yol açabileceğini ileri sürmektedir. miRNA’lar ile ilişkili SNP’lerin (miRSNP) genel etkimekanizmalarının farklı olması, bu miRSNP’lerin biyolojik etkilerinin ve hastalık patogenezineolan katkılarının anlaşılmasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Bununla birlikte bu polimorfik varyasyonlarınkanser gibi hastalıklardaki rollerinin belirlenmesi, hastalığın tanı ve tedavisine yol göstericiolması beklenmektedir. Bu derlemede, miRSNP’lerin miRNA biyogenezini, işlevini vehedef genini nasıl etkilediği ile çeşitli kanser türlerinin patogenezinde nasıl rol oynadığıözetlenmektedir.
MicroRNA Polymorphisms and Cancer
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the biological process by regulating geneexpression pathways. Dysfunction of the miRNAs can lead to many pathological developmentsfrom chronic diseases to cancer. Recent research suggests that these pathological developmentsmay lead to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in miRNA sequences. Thedifference in general effect mechanisms of miRNAs-associated SNPs (miRSNPs) makes it hardto comprehend the biological effects and potential contribution to disease pathogenesis of thesemiRSNPs. Yet, it is expected that the determination of the role these polymorphic variationsplay on diseases such as cancer, will be a guiding light on the diagnosis and treatment of thesediseases. In this review, how miRNA NPs affect miRNA biogenesis, the function and target geneand what role it plays in the pathogenesis of various types of cancer are summarized.
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