Alternatif Teknolojiler ve Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarının Müstakil Bir Konutta Kullanımının Tekno-Ekonomik Analizi

Bu çalışmada, ESP-r bina enerji simülasyon yazılımı kullanılarak Ankara’da bulunan iki katlı müstakil bir konutun ısıtma amaçlı saatlik enerji tüketim modeli oluşturulmuştur. Toplam ısınma alanı 500 m2 olan bu konutta ısınma, yemek pişirme ve su ısıtma işlemleri için doğal gaz kullanılmaktadır. Konutun saatlik elektrik ve günlük doğal gaz tüketimleri bir yıl süresince izlenmiştir. Saatlik ısıtma modeli iklim verisi, binanın dış cephe yapı bileşenleri ve ısı kazanç verileri kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Konutun enerji talebi ve buna bağlı salım miktarı belirlendikten sonra konutun enerji ve sera gazı salım sınıfları da belirlenmiştir. Konutun fiziksel yapısında iyileştirme ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanılmasını öngören çeşitli senaryolar modele uygulanmıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji senaryoları olarak fotovoltaik panellerin kullanılması, ısıtma için toprak kaynaklı ısı pompası kullanılması ve sıcak su üretimi için güneş enerjisi kullanılması durumları modellenmiştir. Konutun fiziksel yapısında iyileştirmelerin öngörüldüğü senaryolarda ise duvar ve çatı izolasyonun iyileştirilmesi ve farklı tipte pencere camlarının kullanılmasına dayalı senaryolar modele uygulanmıştır. Daha sonra yıllık enerji talebinde, CO2 salınımında ve yakıt harcamasındaki tasarruflar hesaplanmıştır. Her senaryo için geri ödeme süreleri hesaplanarak Ankara ikliminde bulunan müstakil bir konut için en uygun koşullar tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra Ankara iklimine en uygun enerji tasarruf yöntemlerinin Ankara’da bulunan müstakil konutlara uygulanması durumunda elde edilecek enerji tasarrufu ve CO2 salımındaki azalmalar hesaplanmıştır.

Techno-Economic Analysis of Using Alternative Technologies and Renewable Energy Sources at a Single Detached Home

In this study, hourly energy consumption model for the heating of a single detached two-storey building in Ankara is established using ESP-r building energy simulation software. In this house, the total heating area of which is 500 m2, natural gas is used for heating, cooking and water heating. The hourly electricity and daily natural gas consumption of the house was monitored during one year. The hourly heating model was created by using climate data, building exterior components and heat gain data. Energy and emission classes of the house have been determined after the energy demand of the house and the amount of emission related to it has been determined. Various scenarios have been applied to the model that suppose to improve the physical structure of the site and to use renewable energy resources. The use of photovoltaic panels, the use of ground source heat pump for heating, and the use of solar energy for hot water production are modelled as renewable energy scenarios. Scenarios based on the improvement of wall and roof insulation and the use of different types of window glass have been applied in scenarios where improvements in the physical structure of the house are supposed. Later, savings on annual energy demand, emissions and fuel consumption were calculated. Payback periods for each scenario are calculated and the most favorable conditions for a single detached house in Ankara climate have been determined. Then energy savings and reductions in CO2 emissions are calculated if the most suitable energy saving methods for the Ankara climate are applied to all single detached houses in Ankara.

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