Mehmet ŞİMŞEK, Yunus ŞILBIR, Sinan GERÇEK, Erkan BOYDAK, Yaşar KASAP

Mısır-Soya Birlikte Ekim Sisteminde Su-Verim ve Alan Eşdeğer Oranı İlişkisinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışma, mısır Zea mays L. ve soya Gliycine max L. bitkilerinin birlikte ekim intercropping sistemi ile “saf mısır MM , 1 sıra mısır/1 sıra soya 1M/1S , 2 sıra mısır/1 sıra soya 2M/1S , 2 sıra soya/1 sıra mısır 2S/1M ve saf soya MS ” nın verim-su ilişkilerini, verim bileşenlerini ve alan eşdeğer oranını LER belirlemek amacıyla 1998-1999 yıllarında, Harran Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi araştırma ve uygulama alanında yürütülmüştür. A sınıfı buharlaşma kabında saptanan toplam 4 günlük buharlaşmanın 100%, 80% ve 60%’ ı, sırasıyla IK1, IK2 ve IK3 konularına sulama suyu olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, birlikte ekim sisteminde mısır bitkisinde en yüksek ve en düşük dane verim ortalamaları IK1 ve IK3 sulama düzeyinde sırasıyla 10.53-4.59 ve 8.15-3.57 t ha-1 arasında belirlenmiştir. Bitki boyları içinde, verim sonuçlarına benzer değerler alınmış, en yüksek ve en düşük IK1 ve IK3 konusundasırasıyla 214182 ve 167-152 cmarasında gerçekleşmiştir. Bitki boyları kısaldıkça mısır verimlerinin düştüğü belirlenmiştir. Koçan kalınlığı ve boyunda çok önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır. Soya bitkisi verimleri, mısır verimlerine benzer gerçekleşmiş, IK1ve IK3 konusunda 3.31-1.28 ve 2.27-0.90 t ha-1 arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek LER değeri 1M/1S’ da hesaplanmış bunu sırasıyla 2M/1S ve 1M/2S uygulamaları izlemiştir. Sulama düzeylerine göre en yüksek sulama suyu randımanı IWUE ve su kullanım randımanı WUE değerleri 2M/1S birlikte ekim sisteminde sırasıyla 0.87 ve 0.77 kg m-3, en düşük IWUE ve WUE değerleri 1M/2S birlikte ekim sisteminde sırasıyla 0.51 ve 0.50 kg m-3 olarak hesaplanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Birlikte ekim sistemi, mısır+soya, alan eşdeğer oranı, su-verim ilişkisi

A Study on Determination of Water-Yield Relationships and Land Equivalent Ratio in Corn-Soybean Intercropping System

This study was conducted to determine water-yield relationship and land equivalent ration of cornsoybean intercropping system. The intercropping system consisted of only corn MM , 1 row corn and 1 row soybean 1M/1S , 2 rows corn and 1 row soybean 2M/1S , 2 rows soybean and 1 row corn 2S/1M and only soybean. The experiments were carried out in research fields of Faculy of Agriculture at Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey, during 1998-1999. Irrigation water was applied as 100% IK1 , 80% IK2 , and 60% IK3 of total of four-day evaporation obtained from standard Class A Pan. The results showed that maximum averaged yield values of 10.53-4.59 t ha-1 were obtained from IK1 treatment group while minimum averaged yileds of 8.15-3.57 t ha-1 were determined in IK1 treatment group. Similar to yield results, maximum plant height ranging from 214-182 cm and minimum plant heights of 167-152 cm were achieved in IK1 and IK3 treatment groups, respectively. Corn yield decreased as the plant height decreased. No significant differences were observed on ears diematers and ears height. Yield results for soybean were similar to those in corn. Maximum averaged yields 3.31-1.28 t ha-1 were determined in IK1 whilst minimum averaged yields 2.27-0.90 t ha-1 were obtaied in IK3 treatment groups. Maximum land equivalent ratio was found in 1M/1S intercropping application and was followed by 2M/1S and 1M/2S, respectively. Maximum irrigation water and seasonal water consumption was determined in IK1 treatment group. Based on the irrigation treatments, maximum irrigation water use efficiency IWUE of 0.87 kg m-3 and water use efficiency WUE of 0.77 kg m-3 were obtained in 2M/1S intercropping application while minimum values of IWUE 0.51 kg m-3 and WUE 0.50 kg m-3 were obtained in 1M/2S application

Keywords:

Intercropping, corn+soybean, land equivalent ration, water-yield relationship,

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