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Dünyada ve Türkiye'de Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri ve Politikaları: Sürdürülebilir Ulaşım Açısından Bir Değerlendirme

İnsanların ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak amacıyla yer değiştirmek zorunda kalmasıyla birlikte hareketlilik ve ulaşım alanlarındaki taleplerinde artışlar ortaya çıkmıştır. İnsan ve yüklerin hareketliliğinde emniyet, güvenlik, konfor, çevresel etkiler gibi kriterlere göre yollarda ve trafikte geçen zamanın doğru planlanması daha önemli hale getirmiştir. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışmalar ve çözüm arayışlarında akıllı ulaşım sistemleri kavramının öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri (AUS) ve politikalarının sürdürülebilir ulaştırma açısından önemini ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada öncelikle Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemlerinin önemine; tarihsel süreçte bölgesel gelişimine değinilecektir. Sonrasında, Türkiye'de Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri faaliyet ve politikaları ile bunların Strateji Belgelerindeki yeri irdelenecektir. Nihayetinde dünyada sürdürülebilirlik çerçevesinde yeni bir ulaşım çözümü olarak gelişen akıllı ulaşım sistemlerine ilişkin Ulusal AUS Stratejisi ve Eylem Planları, ulaşıma, ekonomiye ve iklim değişikliğine katkısı bakımından değerlendirilecektir ve Türkiye’de AUS’un yaygınlaştırılmasına yönelik teknik, idari ve sosyal başlıklar sunulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri, Akıllı Ulaşım Politikaları, Akıllı Ulaşım Stratejileri, Sürdürülebilir Ulaşım, Ulaştırma Ekonomisi

Intelligent Transportation Systems and Policies in the World and in Türkiye: Assessment from A Sustainable Transportation Perspective

As people have to change their places in order to meet their needs, there has been an increase in the demand for mobility and transport. It has become more important to correctly plan the time spent on roads and traffic according to criteria such as safety, security, comfort, and environmental impacts for the seamless mobility of people and goods. One of the prominent concepts in the studies and search for solutions in this direction is intelligent transport systems. The purpose of the study is to find out the importance of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and policies in the world and in Türkiye in terms of sustainable transportation. In this context, firstly, the importance of ITS and its regional development in the historical process is mentioned. Then, ITS activities and policies in Türkiye and their place in strategy documents is analysed. Finally, the National ITS Strategy and Action Plans related to intelligent transport systems, which have developed as a new transport solution within the framework of sustainability in the world, are evaluated in terms of their contribution to transport, economy and climate change, and technical, administrative, and social focus areas to increase ITS deployments in Türkiye are presented.

Keywords:

Intelligent Transportation Systems, Intelligent Transportation Policies, Intelligent Transportation Strategies, Sustainable Transportation, Transportation Economics,

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