Fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yaprak disklerinde ağırlık değişimleri, pigment ve protein miktarları üzerine asetilsalisilik asit ve tuz (NaCI) uygulamasının karşılıklı etkileri

Bu çalışmada, sera koşullarında yetiştirilen bir aylık fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) fidelerinin primer yapraklarından alınan disklerde ağırlık değişimi, pigment ve protein miktarı üzerine 50 ppm asetilsalisilik asit (ASA) ile % l NaCI 'nin karşılıklı etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme çözeltileri disklerin dış yüzeylerine uygulanmıştır. Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre; yaş ağırlık artışının gruplara göre ve sırasıyla çoktan aza doğru 50 ppm ASA >kontrol >50 ppm ASA + % l NaCI = % 1 NaCI şeklinde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Disklerde klorofil a miktarının gruplara göre ve sırasıyla çoktan aza doğru 50 ppm ASA >kontrol > 50 ppm ASA + % 1 NaCl =% l NaCl şeklinde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Klorofil b miktarının gruplara göre ve sırasıyla çoktan aza doğru kontrol = 50 ppm ASA > 50 ppm ASA + % 1 NaCI > % l NaCI şeklinde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Disklerin total pigment I ve Il miktarlarının gruplara göre ve sırasıyla çoktan aza doğru 50 ppm ASA = kontrol > 50 ppm ASA + % 1 NaCI =% l NaCI şeklinde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Karotenoid miktarı bakımından dört grup arasında da istatistik açıdan fark gözlenmemiştir. Disklerde total protein miktarlarının gruplara göre ve sırasıyla çoktan aza doğru 50 ppm ASA > kontrol > 50 ppm ASA + % 1 NaCI > % 1 NaCI şeklinde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, asetilsalisilik asit tuzun yarattığı osmotik etkiye karşı; disklerde yaş ağırlık kaybını, klorofil b yıkımını belirli oranlarda engellemiştir. Karotenoid miktarı üzerinde önemli bir etkide bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca disklerde tuz stresine bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan protein yıkımını azaltmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

protein içeriği, sodyum klorür, Phaseolus vulgaris, yaprak alanı, tuz

Interactive effects of acetylsalicylic acid and salt (NaCl) application on weight changes, pigment and protein amounts at bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) leaf discs

The aims of this study were to investigate the interactive effects of 50 ppm acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and NaCI on amount of protein and pigment and on weight changes, at discs taken from one monthly old bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings. Experiment solutions applied to out surface of discs. According to the were experimental results; the wet weight increase levels were found as 50 ppm ASA>contro! >50 ppm ASA+ 1 % NaCI= 1 % NaCI treated discs groups. Chlorophyll a levels were found as 50 ppm ASA>control > 50 ppm ASA+ 1 % NaCI= 1 % NaCI treated discs groups. Chlorophyll b levels were found as control=50 ppm ASA> 50 ppm ASA+ 1 %NaCI> 1 % NaCI treated discs groups. Total pigment 1 and II levels were found as 50 ppm ASA=control> 50 ppm ASA+ 1 % NaCI= 1 % NaCI treated discs groups. There was not any difference statistically in carotenoid amounts between groups. Total protein levels were found as 50 ppm ASA> control> 50 ppm ASA+ 1 % NaCl> 1 % NaCI in discs. As a result, opposite to the osmotic effect created by salt, ASA application inhibited the wet weight lost and also collapsing of chlorophyll b were decreased at certain levels in discs. It hasn't affected carotenoid amount at an important level. In addition, it also decreased the protein collapsing at discs in stress created by salt.

Keywords:

protein content, sodium chloride, Phaseolus vulgaris, leaf area, salt,

___

Apte, P.V. and Laloraya, M.M., (1982) Inhibitory action of phenolic compounds on abscisic acid induced abscission. Journal of Experimental Botany, 33, 826-30.
Baltepe, Ş., (1977) Phaseolus vulgaris yapraklarından alman disklerde yaşlanma ile absisik asit düzeyindeki değişmeler, E.Ü., Fen Fak. Dergisi, Seri B, Cilt:l, Sayı:3.
Baltepe, Ş., (1986) Bitkilerde senesens ve yaprak senesensinin hormonal ilişkileri, C.Ü. Fen-Edebiyat Fak. Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 4.
Baltepe, Ş., Bilaloğlu, R. ve Yürekli, A.K.,(1982) Bitki fizyolojisi I (Bitki metabolizması) laboratuar kılavuzu, E.Ü. Fen Fak. Yayınları, Ekim, 29, 44-45.
Benzioni A., Itai, C. and Vaadia. Y., (1967) "Water and salt stresses, kinetin and protein synthesis iıı tobacco leaves", Plant Physiol., 42,361-465.
Bergmann, H.L.V., Maachelett, B., Geibel, M., (1994) Increase of stress resistance in crop plants by using phenolic compounds. International symposium on natural phenols in Plant resistance, 1:13-17 Sep.,
Weeihenstephan, Germany. Acta- Horticulturae, 381, 390-397. Biddington, N.L., (1992) The Influence of ethylene in plant tissue culture. Plant Growth Regulation. 11(2), 173-187.
Carswel, G.K, Johnson C.M., Shillito, R.D. and Flarms, C.T., (1989) o- acetylsalicylic acid promotes colony formation from protoplasts of an elite maize inbrend. Plant Cell Rep 8, 282- 284.Corcoran, M.R., (1976) In:Krishnamoorthy, H.N. (ed): Gibberellins and plant growtli. 332, 289. Wiley-Eastern Put. Ltd., New Delhi. Dalton, C.C. and Street, H.E., (1976) The role of the gas phase in the greening and growth of illuminated cell suspension cultures of spinach (Spimcea olareacea L.) In vitro 12,485-494.
Duygu, E. (1981a) Aspirin ve tarım, Bilim ve Teknik Sayı: 165 Ağustos 169s.
Duygu, E.(1981b) Aspirinin bitkiler üzerindeki etkileri ve agronomik önemleri, AÜFF. Genel Botanik Kürsüsü Ankara. 42Os (Yayınlanmamış).
Duysen, M.E.,'Freeman, T.P., (1976) "Promation of plastid pigment accumulation in water stressed what leaf sections by harmone treatment " Amer. J. Bot., 63 (8), 1134-1141.
Ferrarese, I., Moretto, P., Trainotti, L., Rascıo N., and Casadoro, G., (1996) Cellulase involvement in the abscission of peach and pepper leaves ıs affected by salicylic acid, Journal of Experimental Botany, 47, 251-257, Copyright Oxford University Press.
Francesco, M., Vianello A. ve Pennazio, S., (1986) Salicylate-Collapsed membrane potential in pea stem mitochondria Physiol. Plant. 67, 136-140. Copenhagen.
Hananya, E.B., Goldschmidt, E.E., Goren, R., (1976) "Ethylene induced formation of ABA in citrus peel as related to chloroplast transformations", Plant Physiol., 58, 377-399.
Hoyos, M.E. and Zhang, S., (2000) Calcium-independent activation of salicylic acid-induced protein kinase by hyperosmotic stress, Plant Physiol, 122, 1355-1364. Itai, C. and Ben-Zioni, A., (1973) Short- and long- term effects of high temperatures (47-49 °C ) on tobacco leaves, II. O? uptake and amylolytic activity, Physiol. Plant. 28, 490-492.
Itai, C., Ben-Zioni, A. and Ordn, L., (1973) Correlative changes in endogenous hormone levels and shoot growth induced by short heat treatment to the root. Physiol. Plant. 29, 355-360.
James, D.F., Foyer, C.H. and Scott, I.M., (1998) Changes in salicylic acid and antioxidants during induced thermotolerance in mustard seedlings, Plant Physiol. 118, 1455-1461.
Jung, J.L.. Friting, B., Haline, G., (1993) Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) pathogenesis-proteins. Induction by aspirin (acetylsaiicylic acid) and characterization. Plant Physiology, 1993, 101(3), 873-880.
Kende, H., (1964) Preservation of chlorophyll in leaf sections by substances obtained from root exudate. Science, 145, 1066.
Kling, G.J. and Meyer, J.M.M., (1983) Effects of phenolic compounds and IAA on adventitious root initiation in cuttings of Phaseolus aureus, Acer saccharinum and Acer griseum. HortScience 18 (3), 352-354.
Larque-Saavedra, A., (1978) The anti transplant effect of acetylsaiicylic acid on Phaseolus vulgaris L. Physiol. Plant. 43, 126-128.
Larson, L.A. and Beevers H., (1965) Amino acid metabolism in young pea seedlings, Plant Physiology, 40, 424-432.
Liao-Xiang Ru; He-Pu Chao; Zhu- XinChan; Liao-XR; He-PC; Zhu-XC, (1997) Effect of zeatin on H202 scavengig system of Vitis vulpina leaf discs under salt stress, Acta-Botanica- Sinica 39(7), 641-646.
Losanka, P., Pancheval, T., Uzunova, A.(1997) Salicylic acid, properties, biosynthesis and physiological role. Bulg. J. Plant Physiol., 23(1-2), 85-93. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J. and Randall, R.J., (1951) Protein measurement with Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193-265.
Pennazio, S., Roggero, P. and Lenzi, R., (1983) Resistance to tobacco necrosis virus induced by salicylate in detached tobacco leaves. Antiviral Res. 3, 335-346.
Raskin, I., Turner, I.M., and Melander, W.R., (1989) Regulation of heat production in the inflorescences of an Arum lily by endogenous salicylic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86, 2214- 2218, Botany.
Raskin, I., (1992) Role of'Salicylic acid in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 43, 439-463.
Raskin, I., (1995) Salicylic acid. Plant Hormones Physiology. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology., 188-205. New York. USA.
Ray, S.D., Guruprasad, K.N., Lal oraya, M.M., (1983) Reversal of abscisic acid- Inhibited betacyanin synthesis by phenolic compounds in Amaranthus cciudatus seedlings. Physiol. Plant. 58, 175-178.
Ray, S.D., (1986) GA, ABA, phenol interaction in the control of growth: Phenolic compounds as effective modulators of GA-ABA interaction in radish seedligs. Biologia Plantarum (PRAHA) 28(5), 361- 369^
Ray, S.D. and M.M. Laloraya, (1984) Interaction of gibberellic acid, and phenolic compounds in the Control of hypocotyl growth of Amaranthus caudal us seedlings. Can. J. Bot. 62, 2047-52.
Robert C., (1982-83) Weast, Ph. D.Associate, Handbook of chemistry and physics (Weast 63Rd Edition ) CRC Press. Inc. Boca Raton, Florida, C-508.Ross, W.C., (1974) Plant physiology lab oratory manual, wadsworth publishingcompanyinc. Belmont,California, U.S.A. 73-77.
Roustan, J.P., Latche A. and Fallot, J., (1990) Inhibition of ethylene production and stimulation of carrot somatic embryogenesis by salicylic acid. Biologia Plantarum (PRAFIA) 32 (4), 273-276.
Rovira, A.D., (1956) Plant root excretions in relation to the rlnzosphere effect. Plant and Soil VII, 2,178- 193.Salisbury, F.B. and Ross, C.W., (1992) Plant Physiology, Editor Carey, J.C., In: Stress Physiology, 18:400, 23:529,26:575-600.
Schrader, L.E. and Hageman, R.H., (1967) Regulation of nitrate reductase activity in corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings by endogeous metabolites. Plant Physiol. 42, 1750- 1756.
Schneider, E.A. and Whitman, P.. (1974) Metabolism of auxin in higher plants, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 25, 487-513. Shall, C.B. and Loomis, R.S., (1965) Ribonucleic acid and protein metabolism in sugar beet during drought, Physiol. Plant. 18,240.
Shettel, N.L. and Balke, N.E., (1983) Plant growtii response to several allelopathic chemicals. Weed Science. 31,293-298.
Vaadia, Y. and Waisel, Y., (1967) Physiolgical processes as affected by water balance. In. " Irrigation of Agricultura Lands". (R.M., Hagen. H.Rç, Haise, T.W., Edminster, eds.), pp. 334, Amer. Socc. Agran. Madison, Wisconsin.
Witham, F.H., Blaydes D.F. and Dewlin, R.M., (1971) Experiments in Plant Physiology, New York, Von Nostrand Reinhold Company, 55-56.