El Aleti Kullanımına Göre Kavrama Kuvvetinin İncelenmesi

El kavrama kuvveti, üretim süreçlerinde belirli işleri tamamlamak için kullanılan el aletlerinde önemli yere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, i) el aletlerini kullanan kişiler arasında kavrama kuvveti farklılığının belirlenmesi, ii) boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, yaş, sağ‐sol el kullanımı, vücut kütle indeksi, el aleti kullanımı deneyimi ve kümülatif travma bozukluklarının (KTB) kavrama kuvveti üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi ve iii) literatürdeki diğer popülasyonların kavrama kuvveti ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya yaşları 26 ile 74 arasında değişen ve sağlık açısından problemi olmayan 71 çalışan katılmıştır. İstatiksel analizler ile elde edilen sonuçlara göre dominant el ile diğer el arasında kavrama kuvveti açısından anlamlı istatiksel farklılık görülmemiştir. Geçmişte KTB rahatsızlığı geçiren grup ile geçirmeyen grup arasında ise önemli derecede istatiksel farklılık görülmüştür. Kavrama kuvvetinin; boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, ve vücut kütle indeksi ile arasında pozitif korelasyon ilişkisi; yaş ve el aleti kullanım süresi ile negatif korelasyon ilişkisi bulunmuştur. Kavrama kuvveti için normal değerler oluşturulurken; dominant elin kullanımı, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, vücut kütle, yaş ve el aleti kullanım süresi göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

Grip Strength Survey Based on Hand Tool Usage

Hand grip strength is broadly used for performing tasks involving equipment in production and processing activities. Most professionals in this field rely on grip strength to perform their tasks. There were three main aims of this study: i) determining various hand grip strength measurements for the group of hand tool users, ii) investigating the effects of height, weight, age, hand dominance, body mass index, previous Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD) diagnosis, and hand tool usage experience on hand grip strength, and iii) comparing the obtained results with existing data for other populations. The study groups comprised 71 healthy male facility workers. The values of subjects’ ages was observed between 26 and 74 years. The data were statistically analyzed to assess the normality of data and the percentile values of grip strength. The results of this study demonstrate that there were no significance differences noted between dominant and non‐dominant hands. However, there were highly significant differences between the CTD group and the other group. Hand grip strength for the dominant hand was positively correlated to height, weight, and body mass index, and negatively correlated to age and tool usage experience. Hand dominance, height, weight, body mass index, age and tool usage experience should be considered when establishing normal values for grip strength.

PDF

___

Amosun, S. L., Moyo, A., & Matara, C. (1995). Trends in hand grip strength in some adult male Zimbabweans. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 58, 345–348.
Mathiowetz, V., Weber, K., Volland, G., & Kashman, N. (1984). Reliability and validity of grip and pinch strength evaluations. Journal of Hand Surgery, 9A, 222‐226.
Crosby, C. A., Wehbé, M. A., & Mawr, B. (1994). Hand strength: Normative values. Journal of Hand Surgery, 9A, 665–670.
Firrell, J. C., & Crain, G. M. (1996). Which setting of the dynamometer provides maximal grip strength? Journal of Hand Surgery, 21A, 397–401.
Goldman, S., Cahalan, T. D., & An, K. N. (1991). The injured upper extremity and the Jamar five‐ handle position grip test. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 70, 306–308.
Mathiowetz, V. (1990b). Grip and pinch strength measurements. In L.R. Amundsen(Ed.). Muscle strength testing: Instrumented and non‐ instrumented systems (pp. 163‐177). New York: Churchill Livingstone.
Desrosiers, J., Bravo, G., Hébert, R., & Dutil, E. (1995). Normative data for grip strength of elderly men and women. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 49, 637–644.
Butler, M. (1997). Grip strength: A comparative study. New Zealand Journal of Occupational Therapy, 48, 5–12.
Gilbertson, L., & Barber‐Lomax, S. (1994). Power and pinch grip strength recorded using the hand‐held Jamar dynamometer and B+L hydraulic pinch gauge: British normative data for adults. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 57, 483–488.
ISO 15535, 2006. General Requirements for Establishing Anthropometric Databases. [21] Fess, E.E. (1992). Grip Strength, 2nd edition. Chicago: American Society of Hand Therapists.
Cakit, E., Durgun, B., Cetik, O. and Yoldas, O. (2014), A Survey of Hand Anthropometry and Biomechanical Measurements of Dentistry Students in Turkey. Hum. Factors Man., 24: 739– 753. doi: 10.1002/hfm.20401.
Mandahawi, N., Imrhan, S., Al‐Shobaki, S., & Sarder, B. (2008). Hand anthropometry survey for the Jordanian population. Industrial Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(11‐12), 966‐976.
Kamarul, T., Ahmad, T. S., & Loh, W. Y. C. (2006). Normal hand grip strength in the adult Malaysian population. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery, 14(2), 172‐71.
Chau, N., Remy, E., Pétry, D., Huguenin, P., Bourgkard, E., & André, J.M. (1998). Asymmetry correction equations for hand volume, grip and pinch strengths in healthy working people. European Journal of Epidemiology, 14(1), 71‐77.
Fernandez, J.E., Uppugondurı, K.G. (1992). Anthropometry of South Indian industrial workmen. Ergonomics, 35(11): 1393‐1398.
Petersen, P., Petrick, M., Connor, H., & Conklin, D. (1989). Grip strength and hand dominance: Challenging the 10% rule. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 43, 444–447.
Robertson, L. D., Mullinax, C. M., Brodowicz, G. R., & Swafford, A. R. (1996). Muscular fatigue patterning in power grip assessment. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation,6, 71–85.
Crosby, C. A., Wehbé, M. A., & Mawr, B. (1994). Hand strength: Normative values. Journal of Hand Surgery, 19A, 665–670.
Hinson, M., & Gench, B. E. (1989). The curvilinear relationship of grip strength to age. Occupational Therapy Journal of Research, 9, 53–60.
Koley, S., & Atri, R. (2016). A Study on Handgrip Strength in Pregnant and Non‐pregnant Women of North India. International Journal of Biomedical Research, 7(5), 236‐239.
Mital, A., Kilbom, A., (1992). Design, selection and use of hand tools to alleviate trauma of the upper extremities‐ Part II, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 10, 7‐21, Elsevier Science Publication.
Dubrowski, A., Carnahan, H. (2004). Grip force when grasping moving cylinders. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 34, 69–76.
Çakıt, E., Durgun, B., & Cetik, O. (2016). Assessing the Relationship Between Hand Dimensions and Manual Dexterity Performance for Turkish Dental Students. In Advances in Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors (pp. 469‐479). Springer International Publishing.
Çakıt, E., Durgun, B., & Cetik, O. (2015). A neural network approach for assessing the relationship between grip strength and hand anthropometry. Neural Network World, 25(6), 603.
Rajendran, K., Thamburaj, S., Syed Abudaheer, K., & Thiruvevenkadam, I. A. (2016). Comparison of Hand Grip Strength in Different Positions of Shoulder with Elbow in 90º Flexion and 0º Extension Positions. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research (IJHSR), 6(2), 245‐ 253.
Nicolay, C.W., &Walker, A.L. (2005). Grip Strength and Endurance: Influences of anthropometric Variation, Hand Dominance and Gender, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 35, 605‐618.
Massey‐Westrop, N., Rankin, W., Ahern, M., Krishnan, J., &Hearn, T.C. (2004). Measuring grip strength in normal adults: reference ranges and a comparison of electronic and hydraulic instruments. Journal of Hand Surgery 29A, 514– 519.
Bassey, E.J. (1990). Tests of muscle strength. In: Collins KJ, ed. Handbook of Methods for the Measurement of Work Performance, Physical Fitness and Energy Expenditure in Tropical Populations. London: International Union of Biological Sciences, Medical Research, 59‐65.
Bassey, E.J., &Harries, U.J. (1991). Normal values for hand grip strength in 920 men and women aged over 65 years, and longitudinal changes over 4 years in 620 survivors. Clin. Sci. ; 84: 331‐ 337.