Türkiye'deki çipura (Sparus aurata L.,1758) larva üretim tesislerinin anaç yönetim teknikleri

Araştırma kapsamında Türkiye deniz balıkları larva üretim tesislerinde uygulanan çipura (Sparus aurata L, 1758) balığının anaç yönetimi, yumurta temin teknikleri', yumurta özellikleri ve bunların inkübasyon koşulları araştırılmıştır. Tesislerin belirlenmesinde Tam Sayım Metodu kullanılarak, 2001 yılı içersinde 8 adet kuluçkahanenin çipura üretimi yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Anaç yönetiminde genellikle 2-6 yaş arasındaki bireylerin kullanıldığı, anaçların sadece üreme döneminde kaliteli pelet ve yaş yem ile beslendikleri, yumurta alımında doğal yöntem, dekalaj ve hormonal müdahalenin uygulandığı, hormon türü olarak genellikle LHRH hormonunun kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, anaçlardan kg başına ortalama 150.000-300.000 adet yumurta alındığı, döllenme-açılım oranının %80-100 arasında olduğu, yumurta ölümlerinin döllenme-gasturulasyon safhaları arasında yoğunlaştığı ve inkübasyon sıcaklığının 14-16° C arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Pagrus aurata, yavru ıslahı, embriyonik gelişim, kültür balığı, izmaritgiller, balık çiftlikleri, Türkiye

Broodstock management technics of sea bream (Sparus aurata L.,1758) larvae hatcheries in Turkey

Broodstock management, egg quality and egg assurance techniques were examined in seabream (S. aurata) hatcheries in Turkey. The study was carried out by full counting method and 8 hatcheries were active on production in 2001. Generally 2-6 years old breeders used and fed high quality pelleted and fresh food in reproduction period only, and natural spawning, photoperiodic manipulation of spawning time and hormonal interference (LHRH, especially) used in egg assurance were determined in all hatcheries. However, average fecundity rate between 150.000 and 300.000 eggs per kilogram, fertilization hatching rate between 80 and 100%, incubation temperature between 14°C and 16°C were determined and, intensive egg death observed from fertilization to gastrulation stages.

Keywords:

Pagrus aurata, brood rearing, embryonic development, fish culture, sea bream, fish farms, Turkey,

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