Sakarya Büyük Akgöl’den tahta balığı Blicca bjoerkna’da parazit komünitenin kompozisyon ve yapısı

Bugüne kadar Büyük Akgöl’den Blicca bjoerkna’da bulunan parazitler hakkında herhangi bir veri bildirilmemiştir. Bu nedenle çalışmamız, hiperöytrofik karakterdeki Büyük Akgöl’de yaşayan bu cyprinid balığın parazit component ve infra-komünitesinin kompozisyon ve çeşitliliğinin araştırılmasını amaçlamış ve Temmuz 2016 ile Haziran 2017 arasında toplam 61 B. bjoerkna ile çalışılmıştır. Tüm balıklar aşağıda belirtilen taksonlardan en az bir parazit türüne konak olmuştur: Trichodina sp., Epistylis sp. (Protozoa); Myxobolus sp. (Myxozoa); Dactylogyrus sphyrna, D. cornu, D. cornoides, D. distinguendus ve Paradiplozoon homoion (Monogenea); Caryophyllaeus laticeps ve Cestoda gen. sp. (Cestoidea); Diplostomum sp., Thylodelphys clavata ve Posthodiplostomum cuticola (Digenea); Piscicola geometra (Hirudinea); Glochidium sp. (Mollusca) ve Argulus foliaceus (Crustacea). Komponent komünitedeki baskın türler Diplostomum sp., D. cornoides ve D. cornu olarak belirlenmiş ve toplam olarak 2063 adet çok hücreli parazit bireyi toplanmıştır. B. bjoerkna’nın parazit infra komunitesinin 1-10 tür tarafından enfekte edildiği ve ortalama tür zenginliğinin 5.3 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çok hücreli parazit ortalama çeşitliliği (Shannon’s H index) 2.08 ve ShannonWiener Evenness (E) ortalama değeri 0.81 olarak bulunmuştur. B.bjoerkna’da teşhis edilen parazit türleri Büyük Akgöl için ilk kayıtlardır.

Composition and structure of parasite communities in white bream Blicca bjoerkna from Lake Büyük Akgöl, Sakarya-Turkey

No data on the parasites of Blicca bjoerkna have been reported to date from Lake Büyük Akgöl. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the composition and diversity of parasite component and infra-communities in this cyprinid fish from hypereutrophic Lake Büyük Akgöl. A total of 61 B. bjoerkna were examined between July 2016 and June 2017. All fishes were hosts to at least one parasite species from the following taxa: Trichodina sp., Epistylis sp. (Protozoa); Myxobolus sp. (Myxozoa); Dactylogyrus sphyrna, D. cornu, D. cornoides, D. distinguendus and Paradiplozoon homoion (Monogenea); Caryophyllaeus laticeps and Cestoda gen. sp. (Cestoidea); Diplostomum sp., Thylodelphys clavata and Posthodiplostomum cuticola (Digenea); Piscicola geometra (Hirudinea); Glochidium sp. (Mollusca) and Argulus foliaceus (Crustacea). Dominant species in the component community were Diplostomum sp., D. cornoides, and D. cornu. Totally 2063 metazoan parasite individuals were collected. Parasite infra-communities of B. bjoerkna infected 1-10 species and the mean species richness found was 5.3. The mean metazoan parasite diversity (Shannon’s H index) was 2.08 and the Shannon-Wiener Evenness (E) had a mean value of 0.81. Identified parasite species in B.bjoerkna were the first records from Lake Büyük Akgöl.

PDF

___

Şahin, A.P, Morkoyunlu, Y.A. & Soylu, E. (2013). Composition and seasonal changes of phytoplankton in Lake Büyük Akgöl (Sakarya). Journal of Eğirdir Fisheries Faculty 9: 14-21. E-ISSN: 1308–7517.
Şengörür, B. & Demirel, A. (2002). Eutrophication in Akgöl (Gölkent-Sakarya) and water quality classification. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 6,1-8.
Taşdemir, A., Ustaoğlu, M.R. & Balık, S. (2010). The Chironomidae (DipteraInsecta) fauna of Yuvarlakçay Stream (Köyceğiz-Muğla-Turkey). Ege University Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 27, 61-64. ISSN 1300–1590.
Valenti, T.W., Cherry, D.S., Currie, R.J., Neves, R.J., Jones, J.W. & Mair, R. (2006). Chlorine toxicity to early life stages of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25, 2512–2518. PMID:16986807
Wisniewski, W.L. (1958). Characterization of the parasitofauna of an eutrophic lake (parasitofauna of the biocoenosis of Druzno Lake. Part I). Acta Parasitologica Polonica. 6, 1-64.
Soylu, E. (2006). Some metazoan parasites (Cestoda, Trematoda and Mollusca) of Blicca bjoerkna Linnaeus, 1758 from Sapanca Lake, Turkey. Istanbul University Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences 20, 51–62.
Soylu, E. (1991). Monogeneans of some fishes from Lake Sapanca. Istanbul University Institute of Marine Sciences and Geography Bulletin 8, 145-156.
Soylu, E. (2012). Monogenean parasites of white bream (Blicca bjoerkna Linnaeus, 1758) in Lake Sapanca, Turkey. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University 18 (Suppl-A): A23-A28. DOI: 10.9775/kvfd.2011.5239
Stirling, G., & Wilsey, B. (2001). Empirical relationships between species richness, evenness, and proportional diversity. American Naturalist, 158, 286–299. DOI:10.1086/321317
Sures, B., Nachev, M., Selbach, C. & Marcogliese, D.J. (2017). Parasite responses to pollution: what we know and where we go in ‘Environmental Parasitology Parasites & Vectors, 6, 65. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2001-3
Öztürk, M.O. & Altunel, F.N. (2001). The occurrence of cestodes in four species (Blicca bjoerkna, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Vimba vimba) of Cyprinidae from Manyas Lake. Veterinary Journal of Ankara University 48, 43-50.
Selver M.M., Aydoğdu A.I. & Çırak V.Y. (2010). Helminth parasites of white bream (Blicca bjoerkna L. 1758) from Kocadere Stream, Bursa. Acta Parasitologica Turcica 34, 118 – 121.
Pazooki, J., Goorabzarmakhi, F.T. & Masoumian, M. (2011). Parasitic Infection of an Endemic Fish (Blicca bjoerkna) and an Exotic Fish (Hemiculter beucisculus) In Anzali Lagoon, Caspian Sea, Iran. Iran Journal of Parasitology. 6, 66–73.
Poulin, R. (1996). Patterns in the evenness of gastrointestinal helminth communities. International Journal for Parasitology 26,181-186. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(95)00112-3
Poulin, R., Luque, J.L. F. Guilhaumon, F. & Mouillot, D. (2008). Species abundance distributions and numerical dominance in gastrointestinal helminth communities of fish hosts. Journal of Helminthology, 82, 193–202. DOI:10.1017/S0022149X08982626
Pugachev, O.N., Gerasev, P.I., Gussev, A.V., Ergens, R. & Khotenowsky I. (2010). Guide to Monogenoidea of freshwater fish of Palaeartic and Amur regions. (Scientific Editors: Pugachev O.N., P. Galli and D.Kristsky). 567pp. ISBN 978-88-95994-10-9.
Koskivaara, M. (1992). Environmental factors affecting monogeneans parasitic on freshwater fishes. Parasitology Today 8, 339 – 341. DOI: 10.1016/0169-4758(92)90069-E
Krebs, C. J. (1999). Ecological methodology. 2d ed. AddisonWesley, Boston. ISBN-13: 978-0321021731
Lom, J., & Dykova, I. (1992). Protozoan parasites of fishes. Series: Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 315 pp. ISBN : 0444894349
Mackiewicz, J.S. (1994). Order Caryophyllidea van Beneden in Carus, 1863. In Khalil, L.F., Jones, A., Bray R.A. (Eds) Keys to the cestode parasites of vertebrates. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 21 – 43. Öztürk, M.O. & Altunel, F.N. (2001). The occurrence of cestodes in four species (Blicca bjoerkna, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Vimba vimba) of Cyprinidae from Manyas Lake. Veterinary Journal of Ankara University 48, 43-50. Pazooki, J., Goorabzarmakhi, F.T. & Masoumian, M. (2011). Parasitic Infection of an Endemic Fish (Blicca bjoerkna) and an Exotic Fish (Hemiculter beucisculus) In Anzali Lagoon, Caspian Sea, Iran. Iran Journal of Parasitology. 6, 66–73. Poulin, R. (1996). Patterns in the evenness of gastrointestinal helminth communities. International Journal for Parasitology 26,181-186. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7519(95)00112-3 Poulin, R., Luque, J.L. F. Guilhaumon, F. & Mouillot, D. (2008). Species abundance distributions and numerical dominance in gastrointestinal helminth communities of fish hosts. Journal of Helminthology, 82, 193– 202. DOI:10.1017/S0022149X08982626 Pugachev, O.N., Gerasev, P.I., Gussev, A.V., Ergens, R. & Khotenowsky I. (2010). Guide to Monogenoidea of freshwater fish of Palaeartic and Amur regions. (Scientific Editors: Pugachev O.N., P. Galli and D.Kristsky). 567pp. ISBN 978-88-95994-10-9.
Marcogliese, D.J. (2005). Parasites of the superorganism: Are they indicators of ecosystem health? International Journal for Parasitology 35, 705-716. DOI:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.01.015
Niewiadomska, K. (2003). The parasites of Polish fish (key to species identification). The flukes–Digenea. Warszawa: P.T.P., pp. 169.
Nobles, T & Zhang, Y. (2015). Survival, growth and condition of freshwater mussels: Effects of municipal wastewater effluent. PLos One. 10. E0128488. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128488
Altınsaçlı, S., Altınsaçlı, S. & Temel, M. (2013). Species composition and qualitative distribution of macrophytes in four lakes (Karasu, Adapazarı, Turkey). Phytologia Balcanica, 19, 67-75.
Akıncı, A.G. (1999). Identification of platyhelminth parasites of the white bream (Blicca bjoerkna L. 1758, Cyprinidae) from Lake Uluabat (Apolyont). Bursa Uludağ University, Institute for Graduate Studies in Pure and Applied Sciences, Master’s thesis 34pp.
Altınsaçlı, S., Altınsaçlı, S. & Paçal, F.P. (2014). Species composition and distribution of ostracods (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in some lakes and lagoons (Kocaeli and Sakarya, Turkey). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2 , 182-192.
Akmirza, A. & Yardımcı, R.E. (2014). Fish Parasites of the Sakarya River, Turkey. Journal of Academic Documents for Fisheries and Aquaculture 1, 23-29. ISSN: 2148-2608.
Bush, A.O., Lafferty, K.D., Lotz, J.M. & Shostak, A.W. (1997). Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms: Margolis et al. revisited. Journal of Parasitology 83, 575–583. DOI: 10.2307/3284227
Bykhovskaya-Pavlovskaya, I. E., Gussev, A.V., Dubinina, M.N., Izyumova, N.A., Simirnova, T. S., Sokolovskaya, I., Shtein, G.A., Shulman, S. & Epshtein, V.M. (1962). Key to parasites of freshwater fish of the USSR. Izdatelsvi Akademi Nauk SSSR. Moskva Leningrad (Translated from Russian, Israel Program for Scientific Translation, Jerusalem).
Bylund, G., Fagerholm, H.P., Calenius, G., Wikgren, B.J. & Wikström, M. (1980). Parasites of fish in Finland. II. Methods for studying parasite fauna in fish. Acta Academiae Aboensis Series B 40, 23 pp.
Aras, S. (2011). Macrozoobenthic Limnofauna (Gastropoda, Oligochaeta, Chironomidae) of Lake Büyük Akgöl (Adapazarı) and accumulation of macro and microelements in biotic and abiotic components. Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Institute for Graduate Studies in Pure and Applied Sciences, Ph D Thesis 128 pp.
Dzika, E. (2003). Parasites of roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.), in lakes of the Masuria Lake l and as indicator of the quality of aquatic environment. Wydawnic two UWM Olsztyn, (In Polish).
Geldiay, R. & Balık, S. (1988). Freshwater fishes of Turkey. Faculty of Science, Ege University, Set of books. Nr: 97.
Keller, A.E. & Zam, S.G. (1991). The acute toxicity of selected metals to the freshwater mussel, Anodonta imbecilis. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 10, 539-546. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620100415