Age, growth, fecundity and mortality of Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843) in Karakaya Reservoir (in Euphrates River), Turkey

Bu çalışmada, yüksek ekonomik önemine rağmen, Karakaya Baraj Gölünde yeterli düzeyde araştırılmamış olan Aspius vorax türünün bu ortamdaki mevcut durumunun belirlenebilmesi için bazı popülasyon parametreleri elde edilmiştir. Toplam olarak 249 birey (102 dişi, 147 erkek) incelenmiş ve eşey oranı erkekler yönüne 1:1,44 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Örnekler ΙΙ- VΙΙ yaş grupları arasında dağılım göstermiştir. Her iki eşey için de büyümenin allometric olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ortalama kondisyon faktörü tüm bireyler için KF=0,839 ± 0,005 olarak elde edilmiştir. von Bertalanffy büyüme parametreleri dişiler için L ∞ = 93,114 cm, K = 0,153 $yıl^{-1}$ and to = -1,132 yıl, erkekler için L∞ = 86,494 cm, K = 0,173 $yıl^{-1}$ and to = -1,078 yıl ve tüm bireyler için L ∞ = 92,675 cm, K = 0,151 yıl-1 and to = - 1,151 yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ortalama yumurta veriminin 102873 olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucu Karakaya Baraj Gölünde A. vorax stokunun aşırı şekilde sömürüldüğü (E=0,76) ve bu türün bahsedilen ortamda sürdürülebilir avcılığı için üzerindeki av baskısının azaltılması gerektiği anlaşılmıştır.

Karakaya Baraj Gölünde yaşayan Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843)ın yaş, büyüme, üreme ve ölüm oranı

Population structure studies of Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843) are insufficient despite the species commercial importance in Karakaya Reservoir. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to acquire data on some population parameters (age, length- weight relationship, growth, fecundity and mortality) to evaluate the current status of A. vorax for a successful management plan. A total of 249 specimens (102 female and 147 male) were caught and the sex ratio was 1:1.44 (female to male). The age data was estimated from vertebra and ranged between ΙΙ and VΙΙ. Weight increase was allometrical for both sexes. Mean condition factor was CF = 0.839 ± 0.005. The von Bertalanffy growth parameter estimates were L∞ = 93.114 cm, K = 0.153 $yrs^{-1}$ and to = -1.132 yrs for females, L∞ = 86.494 cm, K = 0.173 yrs-1 and to = -1.078 yrs for males and L∞ = 92.675 cm, K = 0.151 $yrs^{-1}$-1 and to = -1. 151 yrs for all individuals. The mean fecundity was 102873. It was found that the stock of A. vorax had been overexploited (E =0.56) in Karakaya Reservoir and the fishing pressure should be reduced to achieve a sustainable fishery.

___

Al-Dabical, A.Y., Al-Daham, N.K., 1995. The growth of Aspius vorax Heckel in the first year of age at Shatt Al-Basrah Canal. Marina Mesopotamica, 8: 344-354.
Ali, M.D. Ali, A.M. and Zaki, L.M., 1986. The general condition and calorific value of the freshwater fish Aspius vorax and Barbus luteus in Al- Tharthar Reservoir. Journal of Biological Sciences Research, 17: 223- 230.
Al-Tameemi, R., Aldubaikal, A., Salman, N. A., 2010. Comparative study of α- amylase activity in three Cyprinid species of different feeding habits from Southern Iraq. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 10: 411- 414. doi: 10.4194/trjfas.2010.0315
Al-Saleh F., Hammoud V., Hussein A., Alhazzaa R., 2012. On the Growth and Reproductive Biology of asp, Aspius vorax, Population from the Middle Reaches of Euphrates River. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12: 149- 156. doi: 10.4194/1303-2712-v12_1_17
Anonymous, 2009. Statistics of water products production, cost and economic value. General Directory Agriculture and Production and Development, Agriculture and Rural Affairs Ministry, Ankara, Turkey, pp. 127.
Aras, N. M., Gunes, M., Bayır, A., Sirkecioglu, A. N.,Haliloglu, H. I., 2009.The comparison of total fat and fatty acid profiles with some bio-ecological features of Capoeta capoeta umbla HECKEL,1843 living in Tuzla Stream and Tercan Dam Lake. Ekoloji, 19(73): 55-64 (in Turkish). doi: 10.5053/ekoloji.2009.737
Bagenal, T.B., 1978. Methods for Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh Water, 3rd ed., IBN Handbook No: 3, Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Beverton, R. J. H., Holt, S. J., 1957. On the dynamics of exploited fish populations, U.K. Min. Agri. Fish. Invest., 19, London.
Bircan, R., Polat, N., 1995. Observations on the maturation, fecundity and breeding of the Capoeta capoeta (Guldenstaedt, 1773) in Altinkaya Dam Lake. East Anatolia II. Fisheries Symposium. 287-305, Erzurum (in Turkish).
Chugunova, N.I., 1963. Age and Growth Studies in Fish. Published for the National Science Foundation, Washington D.C. by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations. Jerusalem, 132 pp.
Coad, B.W. 1996. Zoogeography of the fishes of the Tigris-Euphrates basin. Zoology in the Middle East, 13: 71-83. doi: 10.1080/09397140.1996.10637707
Epler, P., Sololowska-Mikolajczyk, M., Popek, W., Bieniarz, W., Bartel, K., Szczerbowski, J.A., 2001. Reproductive biology of selected fish species from Lakes Tharthar and Habbaniya in Iraq. Archive of Polish Fisheries, 9: 199-209.
Erkoyuncu, I., 1991. Fisheries Biology and Population Dynamics. Ondokuz Mayıs Univ. Press., Sinop, 265 pp. (in Turkish).
Eroglu, M., Sen, D., 2009. Otolith Size- Total Length Relationship in Spiny Eel, Mastacembelus simack (Banks & Solander, 1794) Inhabiting in Karakaya Dam Lake (Malatya, Turkey). www.fisheriessciences.com. 3 (4): 342- 351. doi: 10.3153/jfscom.2009039
Fulton, T. W., 1904. The rate of growth of fishes. In Twenty-second Annual Report, Part III. (Fisheries Board of Scotland: Edinburgh), 141-241.
Geldiay, R., Balik, S., 2007. Freshwater Fishes of Turkey. Ege Univ. Press, Bornova-İzmir, 519 pp. (in Turkish).
Gulland, J. A., 1971.The fish resources of the oceans. West by fleet survey. Fishing News (Books) Ltd., for FAO , West By fleet, England: 255 pp.
Gulland, J. A., 1983. Fish stock assessment. Manual of basic methods. Wiley, New York, USA.
Kuru, M., 1996. Vertebrate (2nd edit.). Gazi Univ. Edit. No:186, Ankara: 841 pp. (in Turkish).
Küçükyılmaz, M., Uslu, G., Birican, N., Ornekci, N. G., Yildiz, N., Seker, T., 2010. Investigation of water quality of Karakaya Dam Lake. International Sustainable Water and Waste water Management Symposium. Konya- Turkey.
Nikolsky, G. W., 1969. Theory of Fish Population Dynamics, T. and A. Constable Ltd., Edinburg.
Oymak, S. A., Unlu, E., Parmaksiz, A., Dogan, N., 2011. A study on the age, growth and reproduction of Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843) (Cyprinidae) in Atatürk Dam Lake (Euphrates River), Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11: 217-225. doi: 10.4194/trjfas.2011.0206
Özdemir, N., Sen, D., Polat, N., 1985. A study on length-weight relationship and condition factor of Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843) in Euphrates River. Et ve Balık Endüstrisi Dergisi, 7(42): 42-44 (in Turkish).
Pauly, D., 1980. On the interrelationship between natural mortality, growth parameters and environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 39:175-192. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/39.2.175
Pauly, D., 1984. Length-converted catch curves: a powerful tool for fisheries research in the tropics. Part 2. Fishbyte 32: 17-19.
Pauly, D., Munro, J. L., 1984. Once more on the comparison of growth in fish and invertebrates. ICLARM Fishbyte 2: 21.
Polat, N., Inceismail, Y., Yilmaz, S., Bostanci, D., 2009. Age determination, Age-Length and Length-Weight Relationships of Garfish (Belone belone L.,1761) in the Black Sea (Samsun). www.fisheriessciences.com. 3(3): 187-198. doi: 10.3153/jfscom.2009023
Ricker, W. E., 1975. Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish population. Fisheries Research Board of Canada,191:202-233.
Shafi, M., Jasim, B.M., 1982. Some aspects of the biology of a cyprinid, Aspius vorax Heckel. Journal of Fish Biology, 20: 271-278. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1982.tb04708.x
Zar, J.H. 1996. Biostatistical Analysis. 3rd Edition. Prentice Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 662 pp.