Rengin GÜZEL, Fatma Jale İRDESEL, Yeşim Gökçe KUTSAL

İleri Yaşlarda Kinezyofobi

Kinezyofobi (hareket etme korkusu); zarar görme ya da tekrar yaralanmaktan kaçınmak için fiziksel harekete karşı aşırı ve mantıksız bir korku olarak tanımlanır. Kronik ağrıda yaygınlığı %50-70 arasında değişmektedir. Yaşlılarda kinezyofobi için en önemli risk faktörü kas-iskelet sistemi ile ilişkili sorunlardan kaynaklanan kronik ağrıdır. Frailite- kırılganlık, Parkinson hastalığı, erken ve orta evre demans ve nöropatik ağrı da yaşlılarda kinezyofobi ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Kinezyofobi bu yaş grubunda mobilite ve dengenin önemli bir belirleyicisi olup kas güçsüzlüğü, fonksiyonel kapasitede azalma, engellilik, yaşam kalitesinde azalma ile ilişkilidir. Düşme korkusu nedeniyle aktivitelerden kaçınma da yaşlıda sedanter davranışı artıran önemli bir faktördür. Kinezyofobi genellikle Tampa Kinezyofobi Ölçeği ile değerlendirilir. Kinezyofobinin önlenmesi yaşlı bireylerin sağlıklı yaşam sürdürmeleri için önemlidir. Mobilite yaşlıların fonksiyonel bağımsızlıklarını korumalarında kritik öneme sahiptir ve mobilitesi azalan yaşlılarda morbidite ve mortalite oranları daha yüksektir. Düzenli fiziksel aktivite ve fitness egzersizleri kinezyofobiyi önleyebilir; tedavisinde terapötik egzersizler ve bilişsel davranışsal tedavi yer almaktadır. Kinezyofobi, kalıcı ağrının önemli bir boyutu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Dolayısı ile günlük pratik hekimlik uygulamalarında kinezyofobinin değerlendirilmesi klinisyenlere yaşlı hastaya yaklaşımda yol gösterici olacaktır.

Kinesiophobia at Advanced Ages

Kinesiophobia (fear of pain due to movement) is defined as excessive and illogical fear of physical movement for avoiding harm or suffering any injury again. Its prevalence in choric pain is within the range 50-70%. In old-aged persons the most important risk factor for kinesiophobia is chronic pain deriving from problems related to musculoskeletal system. Fragility, Parkinson disease, early and middle stage dementia and neuropathic pain are also associated with kinesiophobia in old- age persons. In this age group kinesiophobia is an important determinant of mobility and balance and associated with muscular weakness, reduced functional capacity, disability and deterioration in life quality. Avoidance of activity due to fear of falling is also an important factor increasing sedentary behaviour in elderly persons. Kinesiophobia is usually evaluated by Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale. Prevention of kinesiophobia is important in ensuring healthy life among old-age individuals. Mobility is critical for these people in maintaining their independence and, as a matter of fact, the rates of mortality and morbidity are higher among old-age people with reduced mobility. Regular physical activity and fitness exercises may prevent kinesiophobia while therapeutic exercises and cognitive behavioural therapy are included during treatment. Kinesiophobia is defined as an important dimension of enduring pain. Hence, the assessment of kinesiophobia in daily medical practices will guide clinicians in their approach to elderly patients.

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