DAVUT SİNAN KAPLAN, FIRAT AKCAN, CANER YILDIRIM, MUSTAFA ÖZDAL, Ali Paşa KISAK, MÜRSEL BİÇER

ANAEROBİK EGZERSİZİN TAKIM SPORLARINDA BASİT GÖRSEL VE İŞİTSEL REAKSİYON ZAMANLARINA AKUT ETKİSİ

Bu çalışmanın amacı, anaerobik egzersizin erkek ve kadın takım sporcularının basit reaksiyon zamanlarına etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmaya 18 - 30 yaş aralığında basketbol, voleybol, hentbol, futbol ve hokey branşlarında en az 2 yıldır aktif olarak spor yapmakta olan 120 sporcu gönüllü olarak dâhil edildi. Gruplara yaş, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, basit görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı ile anaerobik bir test olan “Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test” (RAST) ölçümleri yapıldı. Katılımcıların anaerobik test öncesi basit görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı ölçümleri yapıldı (ön test). Daha sonra ısınma yaptırılarak RAST testi uygulamasını takiben basit görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı ölçümleri tekrar edildi (son test). Grupların ön test ve son test parametreleri ile gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda, basit görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı değerlerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi (p>0,05). Futbol branşında erkek sporcuların kadın sporculara göre işitsel reaksiyon zamanlarının daha iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak anaerobik egzersizin branşlar arasında basit görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanlarında herhangi bir değişime yol açmadığı, en az 2 yıllık tecrübeye sahip sporcularda anaerobik bir egzersiz sonrasında bile uyarıya karşı merkezi sinir sistemi tarafından hızlıca değerlendirme yaparak uygun yanıtın verilebildiği ve nörokognitif fonksiyonların zorlu koşullarda bozulmadığı söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anaerobik egzersiz, Reaksiyon zamanı, Takım sporları, RAST, Takım sporları

ACUTE EFFECT OF ANAEROBIC EXERCISE ON SIMPLE VISUAL AND AUDITORY REACTION TIMES IN TEAM SPORTS ATHLETES

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of anaerobic exercise on the simple reaction times of male and female team athletes. A total of 120 athletes who have been active in basketball, volleyball, handball, football and hockey branches for at least 2 years were included in the study voluntarily. Age, height, body weight and simple visual and auditory reaction time and Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST), which is an anaerobic test, measurements of the groups were performed. Simple visual and auditory reaction time measurements of the participants were applied before the anaerobic test (pretest). Then simple visual and auditory reaction time measurements were repeated following the RAST test application after warming up (post-test). There was no statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test parameters of the groups and simple visual and auditory reaction time values (p> 0.05). In addition, in comparison between male and female athletes, male athletes were found to have significantly shorter auditory reaction times than female athletes only in the soccer branches (p<0,05). As a result, it can be said that anaerobic exercises does not cause any change in the visual and auditory reaction times between the branches of the team athletes, so athletes with at least 2 years of experience are able to respond quickly from the central nervous system against the stimulation after an anaerobic exercise, and that the neurocognitive functions are not impaired under difficult conditions.

Keywords:

Anaerobic exercise, RAST, Reaction time, Team sports,

PDF

___

Pringle RK. Motor learning and performance: A problem-based learning approach. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2000;23(4):300-301.
Eren E, Müniroğlu RS, Özer U. Farklı Yaş Gruplarındaki Lisanslı Tenisçilerin Görsel ve İşitsel Reaksiyon Zamanlarının İncelenmesi. International Journal of Cultural and Social Studies (IntJCSS). 2017;3(2).
Cerrah AO, Ertan H, AR S. Spor Bilimlerinde Elektromiyografi Kullanımı. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010;VIII((2)):43-49.
Yıldız; SA. What is the Meaning of Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity? Eurasian Journal Pulmonology. 2012;14(1):1-8.
Dettwyler KA. Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual, Abridged Edition - Lohman,Tg, Roche,Af, Martorell,R. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1993;92(2):239-241
Kaplan DS, Akcan F, Çakir Z, Kilic T, C; Y. Visuomotor and audiomotor reaction time in elite and non-elite badminton players. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science. 2017;3(1):84-93.
Cuthbertson DW, Bershad EM, Sangi-Haghpeykar H, Cohen HS. Balance as a Measurement of Fatigue in Postcall Residents. Laryngoscope. 2015;125(2):337-341.
Pancar Z, Özdal M, Pancar S, Biçer M. Investigation of visual and auditory simple reaction time of 11-18 aged youth. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science,. 2016;2(4):145-152.
Zagatto AM, Beck WR, Gobatto CA. Validity of the running anaerobic sprint test for assessing anaerobic power and predicting short-distance performances. Journal of strength and conditioning research. 2009;23(6):1820-1827.
Atan T, Akyol P. Reaction times of different branch athletes and correlation between reaction time parameters. Procd Soc Behv. 2014;116:2886-2889.
Hultsch DF, MacDonald SW, Dixon RA. Variability in reaction time performance of younger and older adults. The journals of gerontology Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. 2002;57(2):P101-115.
Chandra AM, Ghosh S, Barman S, Iqbal R, Sadhu N. Effect of exercise and heat-load on simple reaction time of university students. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2010;16(4):497-505.
Colcombe AFKaS. Fitness Effects On The Cognitive Function Of Older Adults: A Meta-Analytic Study. Psychological science. 2003;14(2):125-30.
Adam JJ, Paas FG, Buekers MJ, Wuyts IJ, Spijkers WA, Wallmeyer P. Gender differences in choice reaction time: evidence for differential strategies. Ergonomics. 1999;42(2):327-335.
Noble C, Baker BL, Jones TA. Age and Sex Parameters in Psychomotor Learning. Percept Mot Skills. 1964;19:935-945.
Jain A, Bansal R, Kumar A, Singh KD. A comparative study of visual and auditory reaction times on the basis of gender and physical activity levels of medical first year students. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2015;5(2):124-127.
Büyükipekci S, H; T, . Bayan Voleybolcularda Reaksiyon Zamanı, Çeviklik ve Anaerobik Performanstaki Değişimlerin Sezon Süresince İncelenmesi. Selçuk university journal of physical education and sport science. 2011;13(1):20-25.
Dotan R, Baror O. Load Optimization for the Wingate Anaerobic Test. Eur J Appl Physiol O. 1983;51(3):409-417.
Kashihara K, Nakahara Y. Short-term effect of physical exercise at lactate threshold on choice reaction time. Perceptual and motor skills. 2005;100(2):275-291.
Arcelin R, Delignieres D, Brisswalter J. Selective effects of physical exercise on choice reaction processes. Perceptual and motor skills. 1998;87(1):175-185.