Melda SAĞLAM, Deniz İNAL İNCE, Naciye VARDAR YAĞLI, Hülya ARIKAN, Ebru ÇALIK KÜTÜKCÜ, Gül KARAKAYA, Fuat KALYONCU

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ERİŞKİN ASTIMLI BİREYLERDE FİZİKSEL AKTİVİTE DÜZEYİ VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ.

Astımda fiziksel aktivite düzeyi konusundaki bilgiler sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, erişkin astımlı bireylerde fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin belirlenmesi ve fiziksel aktivite seviyesini etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmedir. Çalışmaya yaşları 18-65 yıl arasında olan 45 astımlı birey (36 kadın, 9 erkek) alınmıştır. Olguların fiziksel ve demografik özellikleri kaydedilmiştir. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (IPAQ) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Solunum fonksiyon testi yapılmıştır. Egzersiz kapasitesi, altı dakika yürüme testi (6DYT) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Test sırasında, kalp hızı, oksijen satürasyonu, nefes darlığı ve yorgunluk algılaması (modifiye Borg skalası) izlenmiştir. Kas kuvveti dinamometre ile belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin yaşam kalitesi Nottingham Sağlık Profili (NHP) ile ölçülmüştür. IPAQ’a göre astımlı bireylerin 17’si (% 37.8) fiziksel olarak hareketsiz, 26’sı (% 57.8) yetersiz düzeyde aktif ve ikisi (% 4.4) sağlığın geliştirilmesini artıracak düzeyde aktiftir. Regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, yaşın ve NHP uyku puanının, IPAQ toplam fiziksel aktivite puanını bağımsız olarak tahmin ettiği belirlenmiştir (R=0.522, R2=0.273, F(1-41)=7.315, p=0.002). Birinci saniyedeki zorlu ekspiratuar volümün ve test sırasında ulaşılan zirve kalp hızı değerinin sedanter yaşamın göstergesi olan IPAQ oturma puanını bağımsız olarak tahmin ettiği bulunmuştur (R=0.526, R2=0.277, F(1-44)=8.051, p=0.001). Sonuç olarak, hava akımı kısıtlanması şiddetli olan, kas kuvveti zayıf olan, yaşam kalitesi düşük ve fonksiyonel performansı az olan ileri yaştaki astımlı bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri azalmaktadır. Fiziksel aktivite, astım semptomları üzerindeki olumlu etkileri nedeni ile astım kontrolü ve tedavisinin önemli bir komponentini oluşturur.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Astım, fiziksel aktivite, yaşam kalitesi, egzersiz kapasitesi

DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL AND ITS AFFECTING FACTORS IN ADULT ASTHMATIC SUBJECTS

There is a limited information about the physical activity level in asthmatics. The aim of this study was to determine physical activity level and the factors affecting physical activity level in asthmatic subjects. Forty five asthmatics (36 female, 9 male) aged between 18-65 years participated in study. Subjects’ physical and demographic characteristics were recorded. Physical activity level was assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Pulmonary function testing was performed. Exercise capacity was determined using six-minute walk test (6MWT). Heart rate, oxygen saturation, dyspnea and fatigue (modified Borg scale) were monitored during the test. Muscle strength was measured using a dynamometer. Quality of life was assessed using Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). According to the IPAQ, 17 (37.8%) subjects were inactive, 26 (57.8%) were minimally active, and two (4.4%) were health enhanced physically active. According to the results of regression analysis, age and NHP sleep score independently predicted IPAQ total score (R=0.522, R2=0.273, F(1-41)=7.315, p=0.002). Forced expiratory volume in one second and peak heart rate achieved during the test independently predicted IPAQ sitting score as an indicator of sedentary lifestyle (R=0.526, R2=0.277, F(1-44)=8.051, p=0.001). In conclusion, older asthmatic subjects with severe airway obstruction, weak muscle strength, low quality of life, and poor functional performance have a decreased physical activity level. Physical activity is an important component of asthma control and treatment because of the positive effects on asthma symptoms.
Keywords:

Asthma, physical activity, quality of life, exercise capacity,

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Spor Bilimleri Dergisi-Cover
  • Başlangıç: 1990
  • Yayıncı: Süleyman BULUT
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