ERDEM YILMAZ, Zeki ALAGÖZ, Filiz ÖKTÜREN

Toprakta agregat oluşulu ve stabilitesi

Topraklar yapısal olarak çeşitlilik gösterirler ve bu çeşitlilik topraklardaki değişik faktörler tarafından meydana getirilmektedir. Toprakların kil tipi ve miktarı, toprak organik maddesi, toprakların kireç $(CaCO_3)$ içeriği, katyon değişim kapasitesi, kolloidal demir ve alüminyum oksitler, mikroorganizmalar, ıslanma-kuruma, donma-çözülme olayları ve toprak işleme bu yapısal çeşitliliği meydana getiren başlıca unsurlardır. Bu unsurların toprakların yapısal değişimi üzerine etkileri ise birbirinden farklı olmaktadır. Bu derlemede toprakların yapısal gelişiminde bir indikatör olan agregatlaşma ve agregat stabilitesi üzerine etki eden bazı toprak özelliklerinin ve çevresel faktörlerin etkilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

organik madde, toprak, toprak yapısı, agregat, çevresel faktörler, toprak organik materyali, toprak özellikleri

Aggregate formation and stability in soil

Soils show differences in structural formation, and these structural differences are induced by different factors. Soil clay variety and amounts, $CaCO_3$ contents, cation exchange capacity, colloidal iron and aluminiumoxides, microorganims, wetting-drying, freezing-thawing and soil cultivation are the main factors in the formation of the soil structure. Furthermore effects of these factors on the structural formation of soils are quite different from each other. The aim of this review was to determine the effects of some soil properties and environmental factors on aggregation and aggregate stability as an indicator for structural development of soils.

Keywords:

organic matter, soil, soil structure, aggregates, environmental factors, soil organic matter, soil properties,

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