Şeftali yaprak kıvırcıklığı hastalığı (Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.)'na karşı farklı düzeylerde duyarlılık gösteren şeftali çeşitlerinin besin içerikleri ile hastalığa duyarlılıkları arasındaki ilişki

Şeftali yaprak kıvırcıklığı hastalığı (Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.)’na dayanıklılık ile bitki besin maddeleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışmada, çok dayanıklı (Nemaguard, Precocissima), orta dayanıklı (Red Haven, Cardinal), hassas (Red Cab, Ventura) ve çok hassas (Red King, Andros) çeşitler kullanılmıştır. Arazi koşullarında ve 10 yaşındaki ağaçlarda 2004 yılında yürütülen denemede bitkilerden alınan yapraklarda mineral madde analizleri yapılmıştır. Yaprakların N, P, K, Ca, Cu ve Zn içeriği ile yaprak kıvırcıklığı hastalığına dayanım arasında herhangi bir olası ilişki kurulamamıştır. Ancak dayanıklı çeşitlerde genelde Mg, Fe, Mn ve B içeriğinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

hastalığa dayanıklılık, Prunus persica, bitki hastalıkları, Taphrina deformans, mineral madde beslenmesi, şeftali

Relation between disease susceptibilities with nutrition contents of peach varieties susceptibled at the differnt levels against leaf curly disease (Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.) on peach

High resistant (Nemaguard, Precocissima), middle resistant (Red haven, Cardinal), susceptible (Red cab, Ventura) and very susceptible (Red king, Andros) peach varieties were used to research relation between mineral nutrient contents of leaves with resistance to leaf curly disease (Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.) on peach. It was found that there was no difference between N, P, K, Ca, Cu and Zn contents and resistance to T.deformans, but Mg, Fe, Mn and B contents of resistant varieties were found higher than susceptible varieties.

Keywords:

disease resistance, Prunus persica, plant diseases, Taphrina deformans, mineral nutrition, peaches,

PDF

___

Anonymous,1995. Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları, Cilt 3, T.C. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Koruma ve Kontrol Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
Bailey, L.F. and McHarque,J.S., 1944. Effect of boron, copper, manganase, and zinc on the enzymes activity of tomato and alfalfa plants grown in the greenhouse, Plant Physiol.,19,105.
Belanger R.R., Bowen P., Ehret and D.L., Menzies J.G., 1995. Soluble silicon: its role in crop and disease management of greenhouse crops. Plant Disease, 79, 329-336.
Brennan R.F. 1995. Effect of levels of take-all and phosphorus fertilizer on the dry matter and grain yield of wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 18, 1159-1176.
Burge M.N. and Simmons J.R. 1982. The influence of potassium and phosphorus in predisposition of tomato to Verticillium wilt. Chemistry in Ecology, 1, 83-92.
Bushong, J.W., Powell,D., and Shaw, P.D.,1964. Influence of Copper Gradients upon various apple leaf and twig constituents as related to fire blight incidence, Phytopathology,54, 713.
Corden, M.E., 1965. Influence of calcium nutrition on Fusarium wilt of tomato and polygalacturonase activity, Phytopathology,55, 222.
Datnoff L.E., Deren C.W. and Snyder G.H. 1997.Silicon fertilization for disease management of rice in Florida. Crop Protection, 16, 525-531.
Descalzo R.C., Rahe J.E.and Mauza B.1990. Comparative efficacy of induced resistance for selected diseases of greenhouse cucumber. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 12, 16-24.
Develash R.K.and Sugha S.K.1997. Factors affecting development of downy mildew (Peronospora destructor) of onion (Allium cepa). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 67, 71-74.
El Fouly, M.M., 1976. The Effect of nitrogen fertilizers on growth of cereals and the ımpact on diseases. Fertilizer use and plant healt. I.P.I. 12 th Colloquim. Bern.
Engel R.E., Eckhoff J.and Berg R.K.1994. Grain yield, kernel weight and diseases responses of winter wheat cultivars to chloride fertilization. Agronomy Journal, 86, 891-896.
Fixen P.E., Gelderman R.H., Gerwing J.and Cholick F.A.1986. Response of spring wheat, barley and oats to chloride in potassium chloride fertilizers. Agronomy Journal, 78, 664-668.
Fletcher, J.T., Hims, M.J., Arthur, F.C., and Brown, A., 1982. Effects of adding calcium and sodium salts to fields soils on the incidence of club root, Ann. Appl. Biol., 100, 245.
Goodwin P.H., Li J.and Jin S. 2000. Evidence for sulphate derepression of an arylsulfatase gene of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f.sp. malvae during infection of round-leaved mallow, Malva pusilla. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 57, 169-176.
Günen, Y. ve A. Mısırlı, 2003. Armut Ateş Yanıklığı ve Dayanıklılık Islahı. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 40(3):25-32, ISNN 1018-8851, İzmir.
Günen,Y., B.Yağmur, A.Mısırlı ve R. Gülcan, 2003. Ateş yanıklığına duyarlı ve dayanıklı bazı armut çeşitlerinin bitki besin içeriklerinin belirlenmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 40(3):65- 72, ISNN 1018-8851, İzmir.
Huber, D.M., and Mburu, D.N. 1983.The relationship of rhizosphere bacteria to disease tolerance, the form of N, and amelioration of take-all with manganese. Proc.4th Inter, Cong. Plant Pathol., Melbourne, Australia. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.
Huber,D.M.1987. Immobilization of Mn predisposes wheat to take-all. Phytopathology 77:1715.
Ismunadji M. (1976) Rice diseases and physiological disorders related to potassium deficiency. In Proceedings of the 12th Colloqium, International Potash Institute, Bern, 1976, pp. 47-60. Horgen, Switzerland: International Potash Institute.
Ivascu, A., Balan V., Toma S., Oppea M., Severim V., Mırcea I., Sonica D. and Isac M., 2000. Strategy of Peach Breeding for Resistance to Diseases in Romania. Research Station for Fruit Tree Growing Baneasa Bd. Lon Lonescu de la Brad, No:4, Sect.1, Bucharvest . 480-487. Acta Hort. 525.
Kansu, A., 1995.Tarımsal savaşımın önemi. GAP Bölgesi Bitki Koruma sorunları ve çözüm önerileri sempozyumu, 27-29 Nisan 1995. Şanlıurfa.
Karaca, İ., 1968. Sistematik Bitki Hastalıkları (Ascomycetes) Cilt:III, Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yay. No: 143, Ege Üniv. Matbaası, Bornova-İzmir.
Kiraly, Z.1976. Plant disease resistance as influenced by biochemical effects of nutrients in Fertilizers. Fertilizer use and plant health. I.P.I 12 th. Colloguium. Bern.
Kovancı, I. and Colakoglu H., 1976. The effect of varying K level on yield components and susceptibility of young wheat plants to attack by Puccinia striiformis West. Proceedings of the 12th Collogium of the International Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland, 1976, pp. 177-182. Horgen, Switzerland: International Potash Institute.
Mandahar H.K., Lyngs Jorgensen H.J., Mathur S.B. and Smedegaard-Petersen V. 1998. Resistance to rice blast induced by ferric chloride, di-potassium Hydrogen phosphate and salicylic acid. Crop Protection, 17, 323-329.
Matocha J.E.and Smith L.1980. Influence of potassium on Helminthosporium cynodontis and dry matter yields of coastal bermudagrass. Agronomy Journal, 72, 565-567.
Mitchell A.F.and Walters D.R.2004. Potassium phosphate induces systemic protection in barley to powdery mildew infection. Pest Management Science, 60, 126-134.
Muchovej, J. J., Muchovej, R .M. C., Dhingra, O.D.andMafia,L.A.,1980. Suppression of antracnose of soybeans by calcium, Plant Dis.,64, 1088.
Nemeskeri, E and Gyori,Z. 2005. Micronutrients and yield quality of pea ( Pisum sativum L.) varieties susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum.Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 53:211- 222.
Noguchi, Y. and Sugawara, L.1966. Potassium and Japonica Rice. Int. Potash. Ins.
Olesen J.E., Jorgensen L.N., Petersen J.and Mortensen J.V. 2003. Effects of rate and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on disease control by fungicides in winter wheat. 1. Grain yield and foliar disease control. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 140, 1- 13.
Onoğur,E.1986. Bitkilerde mineral beslenme ile hastalık ve zararlılar arasındaki ilişkiler. Lisans üstü ders notları, Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak., Bornova, İzmir.
Perrenoud S. 1990. Potassium and Plant Health. 2nd edn. Bern, Switzerland: International Potash Institute.
Reuveni R., Agapov V. and Reuveni M.1994. Foliar spray of phosphates induces growth increase and systemic resistance to Puccinia sorghi in maize. Plant Pathology, 43, 245- 250.
Reuveni M. and Reuveni R.1995. Efficacy of foliar application of phosphates in controlling powdery mildew fungus on field-grown winegrapes: effects on cluster yield and peroxidase activity. Journal of Phytopathology, 143, 21-25.
Reuveni R.and Reuveni M.1998. Foliar fertilizer therapy - a concept in integrated pest management. Crop Protection, 17, 111-118.
Rolshausen, PE, Gubler, WD.2005. Use of boron for the control of Eutypa dieback of grapevines, Plant Disease, 89:7, 734-738.
Ryan J., G. Estafan and Raşhid, A., 2001. Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory Manuel. 2 nd. Ed. ICARDA and NARS, Aleppo, SYRİA.
Sanjana,K., Koti,R.V., Patil, P.V., Fakrudin,B.and Basavaraj,B. 2005. Effect of manganase and boron on rust incidence, dry matter production and yield of soybean.Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 18:4; 1081-1083.
Sen, P. 2005. Antagonistic effect of Ca,B and Mo on clubroot disease of rape-mustard. Indian Agriculturist 49:1/2; 13-16.
Sweeney D.W., Granade G.V., Eversmeyer M.G.and Whitney D.A.2000. Phosphorus, potassium, chloride, and fungicide effects on wheat yield and leaf rust severity. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 23, 1267- 1281.
Vidhyasekaran, P.2000. Physiology of disease resistance in plants volume II.Crc Press, Inc. Boca Raton, Florida.
Vol-Vach, PV., 1986. Resistance of new introduced peach cultivars to leaf curl. Sadovodstvo- i- Vinogradarstvo- Moldavii. 1986,No.4,43-45. Russian.
Walters D.R.and Murray D.C.1992. Induction of systemic resistance to rust in Vicia faba by phosphate and EDTA: effects of calcium. Plant Pathology, 41, 444-448.
Woltz,S.S. and Jones, J. P., 1971. Effect of varied iron, manganese and zinc nutrition on the in vitro growth of race 2 Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and upon the wilting of tomato cuttings held in filtrates from cultures of the fungus,Proc.Fla.State Hortic. Soc., 84,132.
Yeşilyurt, A., 1998. Bazı armut çeşitlerinde “Ateş Yanıklığı” hastalığı ile bitkilerin mineral madde düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiler üzerine bir araştırma, E.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir.