Ağsaklar yöresindeki (Göynük/Bolu) bitümlü kayaçların organik jeokimyasal incelenmesi

Göynük (Bolu) Havzasında Paleozoyik ile Tersiyer zaman aralığında oluşan sedimanter kayaçlar yer alır. Ağsaklar yöresinde yüzeyleyen Kabalar formasyonu marn, bitümlü şeyi ve silttaşı olmak üzere üç üyeye ayrılır. Kabalar formasyonu Paleosen zaman sürecinde depolanmıştır. Bitümlü şeyllerin organik madde miktarı 3.88-11.18 wt % arasında olup, çok iyi petrol kaynak kaya potansiyeline sahiptirler. HI, S2 / S3 , HI-Tmax ve HI-OI parametreleri ile organik petrografik inceleme sonuçları Kabalar formasyonuna ait bitümlü şeyllerin Tip-I ve Tip-II türlerinde kerojen içerdiğini gösterir. Bitümlü şeyller Tmax, PI ve spor renk indeksi değerlerine göre organik jeokimyasal açıdan olgunlaşmamış ya da henüz erken olgunlaşma safhasındadırlar.

Organic geochemical investigation of bituminous rock in the Agsaklar(Göynük/Bolu) district

Göynük (Bolu) basin comprises sedimentary units occured during the Paleozoic-Tertiary period. Kabalar formation located in the region of Agsaklar is subdivided into three member which have composed of marl, bituminous shales and siltstone. The formation was deposited during the Paleocene. The amounts of organic matter of bituminous shales in the Kabalar formation vary between 3.88 and 11.18 %, suggesting that it has an excellent potential source property. Based on HI, S2/S3, HI-TmaX/HI-OI parameters and organic petrographic analysis, the kerogen types of bituminous rocks of Kabalar formation are Type-I and Type-II species. Bituminous shales are not mature or early mature stage according to Tmax, PI and spore colour index values.

___

Aliyev, S., Sarı A., and Koc, S., 2006, Investigation of Organic Carbon and Iron Group Elements in the Bituminous Rocks of the Pazarköy-Mengen Area, Northwestern Turkey; Energy Sources (in press).

Bizim, A. Y., 1993, Organik Jeokimyasal Analizler; Ediger, V. Ş., Soylu, C, (Ed.), Petrol Jeologları için Organik Jeokimya, TPAO Araştırma Merkezi Eğitim Yayınları No: 23, Ankara, 169.

Bordenave, M. L., 1993, Applied Petroleum Geochemistry, Exploration Division, TOTAL, Paris, 561 p.

Büyükutku, A, G., Sari, A., and Karaçam, A., 2005, The reservoir potential of the Eocene carbonates in the Bolu Basin, West of Turkey; J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 49, 79-91.

Clementz, D. M., Demaison, G. J., and Daly, A. R., 1979, Well site geochemistry by programmed pyrolysis; Proc. 11th Annual Offshore Technology Conf. Houston, OTC 3410,1, 465-470.

Didyk, B. M., Simoneit, B. R. T., Brassel, S. C., and Eglington, G., 1978, Organic geochemical indicators of paleoenvironmental conditions of sedimentation; Nature, 272, 216-222.

Espitalie, J., Madec, M., Tissot, J., Menning, J., and Leplat, P., 1977, Source rock characterization method for petroleum exploration; Proc. 9th Annual Offshore Technology Conf., 3, 39-448.

Espitalie, J., Marquis, F., and Barsony, I., 1984, Geochemical Logging; In: Voorhees, K. J. (Ed.), Analytical Pyrolysis-Techniques and Applications, Boston, Butterworth, pp 276-304.

Hunt, J. M., 1995, Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 743 p.

Jackson, K. S., Hawkins, P. J., and Bennett, A. J. R., 1985, Regional facies and geochemical evaluation of southern Denison Trough; APEA. J. 20,143-158.

Jarvie, D. M., and Tobey, M. H., 1999, TOC, Rock-Eval and SR Analyzer Interpretive Guidelines; Application Note 99-4, Humble Instruments and Services, Inc. Geochemical services Division, Texas, 11 p.

Jones, R. W., 1984, Comparison of carbonate and shale source rocks; In: Palacas, J. (Ed.), Petroleum Geochemistry and Source Potential of Carbonate Rocks: AAPG Stud. Geol., p 18.

Jones, R. W., 1987, Organic facies; In: Brooks, J., and Welte, D., (Eds.), Advances in Petroleum Geochemistry, Academic Press, London, 2, pp. 1-90.

Lee, S., 1991, Oil Shale Technology, CRC Press, Boston, 261.

Peters, K. E. 1986, Guidelines for evaluating petroleum source rock using programmed pyrolysis; AAPG Bulletin, 70, 318-329.

Peters, K. E. and Cassa, M. R., 1994, Applied Source Rock Geochemistry; In: Magoon, L. B. and Dow, W. G. (Eds.), The petroleum system-from source to trap, AAPG Memoir 60. Tulsa: Am. Ass. Pet.Geol., 93-120 pp.

Saner, S. 1978, Orta Sakarya' daki Üst Kretase-Paleosen-Eosen Çökelme ilişkileri ve Anadolu' da Petrol Aramalarındaki Önemi; Dördüncü Petrol Kongresi Tebliğleri, 83-95.

Sarı, A., Aliyev, S.A., 2005, Source Rock Evaluation of the Lacustrine Oil Shale Bearing Deposits: Göynük/Bolu, Turkey; Energy Sources, 27, 279-298.

Sarı, A., Sonel, N., 1995, Kayabaşı (Göynük-Bolu) Yöresinin Bitümlü Şeyi İncelemeleri; Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni. Cilt. 2, S, No2, S.39-49.

Sarı, A., Aliyev, S. A., and Koralay, D. B., 2006, Source Rock Evaluation of the Eocene Shales in the Gökçesu Area (Bolu/Turkey); Energy Sources (in press).

Sethi, P. S. And J. Schieber, 1998, Economic Aspects of Shales and Clays: An Overview; In: Schieber, ]., Zimmerle, W., and Sethi, P., (Eds.) Shales and Mudstones II, E. Schweizerbart' sche Verlagsbuhhandlung, Stuttgart/Germany, 296.

Şeker, H., Kesgin, Y., 1991, Nallıhan-Mudurnu-Seben-Beypazarı arasında kalan bölgenin jeolojisi ve petrol olanakları; TPAO rapor no: 2907.

Şener, M., Şengüler, I., 1998, Geological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of oil shale bearing deposites in the Hatildag oil shale field, Göynük, Turkey; Fuel, 8, 871-880.

Tissot, B. P., Welte, D. H., 1984, Petroleum formation and occurrence, 2nd ed., Springer-Verlag, New York, 699 p.

Wehner, H., 1989, Organic-Geochemical studies in the Visayan basin; Philippines. Geol. Jb., 70, 317-348.