Elektronik Para, Diğer Para Türleriyle Karşılaştırılması ve Olası Etkileri

Bilişim teknolojisindeki gelişmeler para üzerinde de etkisini göstererek elektronik paranın ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Elektronik para sistemleri; kart tabanlı-ağ tabanlı, tek çıkarıcılı-çok çıkarıcılı ve açık-kapalı devre çalışan sistemler olarak gruplara ayrılırlar. Gerek uygulamada kullanılan e-para türlerinin farklı olması, gerek bunları finansal ve finansal olmayan birçok kurumun çıkarabilmesi, bu konuda otoritelerce bir düzenlemenin yapılmaması ve en önemlisi merkez bankaların bu konudaki suskunlukları, e-para sistemlerinin kapsamlı analizini gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışma e-para tanımındaki kavramsal kargaşayı analiz ederek diğer para türleriyle karşılaştırmakta, muhtemel etkilerini tartışmaktadır. E-paranın merkez bankasınca çıkarılması ve düzenleme otoritelerince denetiminin yapılması çalışmanın temel önermelerindendir.

The developments in the information technology showed their effects on money and brought about the introduction of electronic money. Electronic money systems can be classified as card based-network based, single issuer-multiple issuer and open circulation-closed circulation systems. The differences between e-money systems, the issuance of e-money by financial and non-financial institutions, the lack of regulation and supervision, the non-interventionist behavior of central banks require a detailed analysis of e-money systems. In this paper, we compare e-money with currency and other money substitutes by analyzing the conceptual ambiguity in this area and discuss the possible effects. One of the main proposals of this paper is that e-money must be issued, regulated and supervised by the central banks.

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