ÇOCUKLARDA BRUKSİZM VE AĞIZ-DİŞ SAĞLIĞINA ETKİLERİ

Diş sıkma  ve  gıcırdatma ile karakterize tekrarlayan çene-kas aktivesi olarak tanımlanan bruksizm anormal diş aşınmasına, periodontal dokular, temporamandibular eklem ve kaslarda hasara neden olabilmektedir. Etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmemekle birlikte multifaktöriyel etiyolojiye sahip olduğu öngörülmektedir. Bruksizm prevelansı % 4’den % 96’ya kadar varan değişiklikler gösterdiği saptanmıştır.  Bruksizmin gençlerde ve çocuklarda yetişkinlere oranla daha sık görülmekte ve erken teşhis rahatsızlığın kontrolü açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu derlemede amacımız; çocuklarda bruksizmin görülme sıklığı, ağız diş sağlığı üzerine etkileri ve tedavisi hakkında güncel yaklaşımların değerlendirilmesidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bruksizm, etiyoloji, tedavi

___

  • Referans1) Manfredini D, Restrepo C, Diaz-Serrrano K, Winocur E , Lobbezoo F. Prevalence of sleep bruxism in children: a systematic review of the literatüre. J Oral Rehabil 2013;40: 631—642.
  • Referans2) Manfredini D, Lobbezoo F. Role of psychosocial factors in the etiology of bruxism. J Orofac Pain 2009;23:153–66.
  • Referans3) Lavigne GJ, Khoury S, Abe S, Yamaguchi T, Raphael K. Bruxism physiology and pathology: an overview for clinicians. J Oral Rehabil 2008;35:476–94.
  • Referans4) Serra-Negra JM, Tirsa-Costa D, Guimarães FH, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA. Evaluation of parents/guardian knowledge about the bruxism of their children: family knowledge of bruxism. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2013;31:153–8.
  • Referans5) Kato T, Thie NMR, Montplaisir JY, Lavigne GJ. Bruxism and orofacial movements during sleep. Dent Clin North Am 2001;45:657-684.
  • Referans6) Serra-Negra JM, Paiva SM, Auad SM, Ramos-Jorge ML, Pordeus IA. Signs, symptoms, parafunctions and associated factors of parent-reported sleep bruxism in children: A casecontrol study. Braz Dent J 2012;23:746-52.
  • Referans7) Lobbezoo F, Aarab G, van der Zaag J. Definicitions, epidemiology, and etiology of sleep bruxism. In: Sleep Medicine for Dentists, a practical overview. (Eds GJ Lavigne, P Cistulli, M Smith.); 2009. 95-100. Chicago: Quintessence.
  • Referans8) Matsuka Y, Yatani H, Kuboki T, Yamashita A. Temporomandibular disorders in the adult population of Okayama City, Japan. Cranio 1996;14:158-162.
  • Referans9) Machado E, Dal-Fabbro C, Cunali PA, Kaizer OB. Prevalance of sleep bruxism in children: A systematic review. Dental Press J Orthod. 2014;19:54-61.
  • Referans10) Carlsson GE, Egermark I, Magnusson T. Predictors of Bruxism, Other Oral Parafunctions, and Tooth Wear over a 20-year follow up period. J Orofac Pain. 2003;17:50-7.
  • Referans11) Demir A, Uysal T, Guray E, Basciftci FA.The relationship between bruxism and occlusal factors among seven- to 19-year-old Turkish children. Angle Orthod, 2004;74:672-6.
  • Referans12) Fonseca CM, Santos MB, Consani RL, Santos JF, Marchini L. Incidence of sleep bruxism among children in Itanhandu, Brazil. Sleep Breath. 2011;15:215-20.
  • Referans13) Serra Negra JM, Paiva SM, Seabra AP, Dorella C, Lemos BF, Pordeus IA. Prevalance of sleep bruxism in a group of Brazilian school children.Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2010;11:192-5.
  • Referans14) Miamoto CB, Pereira LJ, Ramos-Jorge ML, Marques LS.Prevalence and predictive factors of sleep bruxism in children with and without cognitive impairment. Braz Oral Res 2011;25(5):439-45.
  • Referans15) Seraj B, Shahrabi M, Ghadimi S, Ahmadi R, Nikfarjam J, Zayeri F, et al .The Prevalence of Bruxism and Correlated Factors in Children Referred to Dental Schools of Tehran, Based on Parent's Report. Iran J Pediatr 2010;20(2):174-80.
  • Referans16) Weideman CL, Bush DL, Yan-go FL, Clark GT, Gornbein JA,. The incidence of parasom¬nias in child bruxers versus nonbruxers. Pediatr Dent 1996;18(7):456-60.
  • Referans17) Restrepo CC, Alvarez E, Jaramillo C, Vélez C, Valencia I. Effects of psychological techniques on bruxism in children with primary teeth. J Oral Rehabil 2001;28:354-360.
  • Referans18) Ferreira-Baccı Ado V ,Cardoso CL , Diaz-Serrano KV.Behavioral Problems and Emotional Stress in Children with Bruxism. Braz Dent J 2012;23(3).
  • Referans19) Serra-Negra JM, Paiva SM, Flores-Mendoza CE, Ramos-Jorge ML, Pordeus IA,.Association among stress, personality traits, and sleep bruxism in children. Pediatr Dent, 34(March–April (2)), 2012. e30–e34.
  • Referans20) Ghanizadeh A.ADHD, bruxism and psychiatric disorders: does bruxism increase the chance of a comorbid psychiatricdisorder in children with ADHD and their parents. Sleep Breath 2008;12: 375–380.
  • Referans21) Serra-Negra JM, Paiva SM, Abreu MH, Flores-Mendoza CE, Pordeus IA. Relationship between tasks performed, personality traits, and sleep bruxism in Brazilian school children–a population-based cross-sectional study. 2013;14:8(11):e80075.
  • Referans22) Castelo PM,Barbosa TS and D Gavião MB .Qualityiof life evaluation of children with sleep bruxism. BMC Oral Health, 2010;10:16.
  • Referans23) Luecken LJ, Lemery KS. Early caregiving and physiological stress responses. Clin Psychol Rev, 2004;24:171-191.
  • Referans24) Katz CRT, Colares V, Rosenblatt A. Habitos de succao, onicofagia e enurese noturna em pre-escolares do Recife-PE. Rev Ibero-Am Odontopediatr Odontol Bebê, 2004;7:258-265.
  • Referans25) Ghanizadeh A,. Association of nail biting and psychiatric disorders inchildren and their parents in a psychiatrically referred sample of children. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health, 2008;2;2(1):13.
  • Referans26) Tachibana M, Kato T, Kato-Nishimura K, Matsuzawa S, Mohri I, Taniike M.Associations of sleep bruxism with age, sleep apnea, and daytime problematic behaviors in children Oral Diseases, 2016;22: 557–565.
  • Referans27) Ng DK, Kwok KL, Poon G, Chau KW .Habitual snoring and sleep bruxism in a paediatric outpatient population in Hong Kong. Singapore Med J 2002;43: 554–556.
  • Referans28) Herrera M, Valencia I, Grant M. Bruxism in children:effect on sleep architecture and daytime cognitive performance and behavior. Sleep 2006;29:1143–1148.
  • Referans29) Camargo EP, Carvalho LB, Prado LB,Prado GF. Is the population properly informed about sleep disorders. Arq Neuro Psiquiatr 2013;71:92–99.
  • Referans30) Serra-Negra JM, Paiva SM, Fulgencio LB, Chavez BA, Lage CF, Pordeus IA,.Environmental factors, sleep duration, and sleep bruxism in Brazilian schoolchildren: a case-control study. Sleep Med 2014;15(2):236–239.
  • Referans31) Marks MB. Bruxism in allergic children. Am. J. Orthod. 1980;77: 48—59.
  • Referans32) Tehrani MH ,Sadri L ,Mowlavi G .Intestinal Parasites and Bruxism in Children. Iranian J Publ Health, 2013.Vol. 42, No. 10, p.1199.
  • Referans33) Motta LJ, Martins MD, Santos Fernandes KP, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Biasotto-Gonzalez DA,Bussadori SK . Physiother Craniocervical Posture and Bruxism in Children. Res. Int. 2011;16: 57–61.
  • Referans34) Cesar GM, Tosato JP, Biasotto-Gonzalez DA. Correlation between occlusion and cervical posture in patients with bruxism. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry 2006;27: 463–466.
  • Referans35) Vélez AL, Restrepo CC, Peláez-Vargas A, Gallego GJ, Alvarez E, Tamayo V et al.. Head posture and dental wear evaluation of bruxist children with primary teeth. J Oral Rehabil 2007;34: 663–670.
  • Referans36) Sari S, Sonmez H. The relationship between occlusal factors and bruxism in permanent and mixed dentition in Turkish children. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2001;25:191-4.
  • Referans37) Carra MC, Huynh N, Morton P, Rompre PH, Papadakis A, Remise C et al. Prevalence and risk factors of sleep bruxism and wake-time tooth clenching in a 7- to 17-yr-old population. Eur J Oral Sci 2011;119: 386–394.
  • Referans38) Henrikson T, Ekberg EC, Nilner M. Symptoms and signs of temporomandibular disorders in girls with normal occlusion and class II malocclusıon Acta Odontol Scand 1997;55:229-35.
  • Referans39) Pereira LJ, Costa RC, França JP, Pereira SM, Castelo PM. Risk indicators for signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction in children. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2009;34:81-6.
  • Referans40) Ghafournia M , Tehrani MH .Relationship between Bruxism and Malocclusion among Preschool Children in Isfahan. JODDD 2012;6(4):138-42.
  • Referans41) Emodi-Perlman A , Eli I, Friedman-Rubin P , Goldsmith C ,Reiter S.I, Winocur E.Bruxism, oral parafunctions, anamnestic and clinical findingsof temporomandibular disorders in children. J Oral Rehabil 2012;39; 126–135.
  • Referans42) Ahmad R. Bruxism in children, J. Pedod 1986;10,105—126.
  • Referans43) Hublin C, Kaprio J, Partinen M, Koskenvuo M. Sleep bruxism based on self report in a nationwide twin cohort. J Sleep Res 1998;7(1):61-7
  • Referans44) Koyano K, Tsukiyama Y, Ichiki R, Kuwata T. Assessment of bruxism in the clinic. J Oral Rehabil, 2008;35(7):495-508.
  • Referans45) Lobbezoo F, Zaag J, Selms MKA, Hamburger HL. Principles for the management of bruxism. J Oral Rehabil 2008;35:509-23.
  • Referans46) Clark GT, Beemsterboer PL, Solberg WK, Rugh JD. Oct. Nocturnal electromyographic evaluation of myofascial pain dysfunction in patients undergoing occlusal splint therapy. .J Am Dent Assoc, 1979;99(4):607-11.
  • Referans47) Hachmann A, Martins EA, Araujo FB, Nunes R. Efficacy of the nocturnal bite plate in the control of bruxism for 3 to 5 year old children.J Clin Pediatr Dent,1999;24(1):9-15.
  • Referans48) Giannasi LC, Santos IR, Alfaya TA, Bussadori SK, Franco de Oliveira LV. Effect of an occlusal splint on sleep bruxism in children in a pilot study with a short-term follow up, J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2013;17(4):418-22.
  • Referans49) Carra MC, Huynh NT, El-Khatib H, Remise C, Lavigne GJ . Sleep bruxism, snoring, and headaches in adolescents: short-term effects of a mandibular advancement appliance Sleep Med. 2013;14(7):656-61.