Lityum iyon piller için kalay (II) oksit kompozit anot elektrotlarının üretimi ve karakterizasyonu
Bu çalışmada Li-iyon piller için uyumlu çekirdek olarak kalay (II) oksit anotlar kimyasal indirgeme yöntemi ile sentezlenmiştir. Karbon esaslı kabuk sentezi için mikrodalga destekli karbürizasyon yöntemi kullanılmış ve SnO tozlarının yüzeylerinde ince amorf bir karbon tabakası elde edilmiştir. Üretilen kalay (II) oksit/karbon kompozit elektrotların yüzey morfolojileri Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) ile analiz edilmiş ve yapıların faz bileşenleri X-Işınları Difraktometresi (XRD) ile karakterize edilmiştir. Üretilen kalay (II) oksit/karbon kompozit tozları kullanılarak hazırlanan elektrotlar ile CR2016 test hücreleri hazırlanmış ve elektrotların elektrokimyasal performansı MTI BST8‒MA 8 kanallı pil test ünitesinde, oda sıcaklığında 10 mV ve 2,5 V arasında sabit 1C şarj/deşarj şartlarında akım verilerek test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kalay (II) oksit/karbon kompozit elektrot malzemeleri ile 100 çevrim sonrasında 396 mAh g-1 deşarj kapasitesi elde edilmiştir.
The Production and characterization of tin (II) oxide composite anode electrodes for lithium ion batteries
In this study, the core component of the composite, tin (II) oxide powders synthesized through a facile chemical reduction methods for Li-ion batteries. As the shell structure, surfaces of the as-synthesized tin (II) oxide particles were coated with carbon through microwave assisted carburization process. The surface morphologies and phase components of the as-synthesized tin (II) oxide/carbon composites were investigated via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods, respectively. CR2016 type coin cells were prepared by using tin (II) oxide/carbon composite powders and electrochemical tests were performed at room temperature via 8-channel MTI BST8‒MA electrochemical test station between 10 mV and 2.5 V potential range by applying fixed 1 C state of charge conditions. The results have shown that tin (II) oxide/carbon composite structure have significantly improved the specific capacities to 396 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles.
___
- C. Chen and Y. Tseng, “Cross-interaction in
Cu/Sn/Co/Sn/Ni and Cu/Sn–Co/Co/Sn– Co/Ni
couples,” J. Electron. Mater., vol. 44, no. 3, pp.
1021-1027, Mar. 2015.
- X. Li, Y. Zhong, M. Cai, M. Balogh, D. Wang, Y.
Zhang, R. Li and X. Sun, “Tin-alloy
heterostructures encapsulated in amorphous
carbon nanotubes as hybrid anodes in
rechargeable lithium ion batteries,” Electrochim.
Acta, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 387-393, Feb. 2013.
- K. Wang, D. Gan, K. Hsiel and S. Y. Chiou, “The
microstructure of η′-Cu6Sn5 and its orientation
relationships with Cu in the early stage of
growth,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 518, no. 6, pp.
1667-1674, Jan. 2010.
- A. Yamano, M. Morishita, H. Yamauchi, T.
Nagakane, M. Ohji, A. Sakamoto, M. Yanagida
and T. Sakai, “Electrochemical and safety
performance of Li pre-doping free cell using tinphosphate
glass-silicon composite anode,” J.
Power Sources, vol. 292, no. 1, pp. 31-38, Oct.
2015.
- Y. Idota, T. Kubota, A. Matsufuji, Y. Maekawa
and T. Miyasaka, “Tin-based amorphous oxide: a
high-capacity lithium-ion-storage material,”
Science, vol. 276, no. 5317, pp. 1395-1397, May
1997.
- J H. Giefers, F. Porsch and W. G., “Kinetics of the
disproportionation of SnO,” Solid State Ionics,
vol. 176, no. 1-2, p. 199–207, Jan. 2005.
- J. Chouvin, C. Branci, J. Sarradin, J. Fourcade, J.
Jumas, B. Simon and P. Biensan, “Lithium
intercalation in tin oxide,” J. Power Sources, vol.
1, no. 1, p. 277–281, Sept. 1999.
-
- D.-S. Wu, C.-Y. Han, S.-Y. Wang, N.-L. Wu and
I. Rusakova, “Microwave assisted solution
synthesis of SnO nanocrystallites,” Mater. Lett.,
vol. 53, no. 3, p. 155–159, Mar. 2002.
- F. Kazumi, N. Chizuko, M. Keizo and M.
Shunmei, “Preparation of Tin(II) Oxide by a
homogeneous precipitation method,” B. Chem.
Soc. Jpn., vol. 63, no. 9, pp. 2718-2720, June
2006.
- V. Jimenez, A. E. J. Gonzalez-Elipe, A. Justo and
A. Fernandez, “Synthesis of SnO and SnO2
nancrystalline powders by the gas phase
condensation method,” Sensor. and Actuator.,
vol. 31, no. 1-2, pp. 29-32, Feb. 1992.
- K. Amitabh and R. Rustum, “RESA- A wholly
new process for fine oxide powder preparation,”
J. Mater. Res., vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 1373-1377, Dec.
1988.
- F. J. E. Pires, R. Savu, M. Zaghate, E. Longo and
J. Varela, “Microwave-assisted hydrothermal
synthesis of nanocrystalline SnO powders,”
Mater. Lett., vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 239-242, Jan.
2008.
- H. Avila and J. Rodríguez-Páez, “Solvent effects
in the synthesis process of tin oxide,” J. NonCryst.
Solids, vol. 355, no. 14-15, pp. 885-890,
June 2009.
- H. Yamaguchi, S. Nakanishi, H. Iba and T. Itoh,
“Amorphous polymeric anode materials from
poly(acrylic acid) and tin(II) oxide for lithium ion
batteries,” J. Power Sources, vol. 275, no. 1, pp.
1-5, Feb. 2015.
- Lu, C. Ma, J. Alvarado, T. Kidera, N. Dimov, Y.
S. Meng and S. Okada, “Electrochemical
properties of tin oxide anodes for sodium-ion,” J.
Power Sources, vol. 284, no. 1, pp. 287-295, June
2015.
- M. Shimizu, H. Usui and H. Sakaguchi,
“Electrochemical Na-insertion/extraction
properties of SnO thick-film electrodes prepared
by gas-deposition,” J. Power Sources, vol. 248,
no. 1, p. 378–382, Feb. 2014.
- L. Bardini, A. Pappacena, M. DominguezEscalante,
J. Llorca, M. Boaro and A. Trovarelli, “Structural and electrocatalytic properties of
molten core Sn@SnOx nanoparticles on ceria,”
Appl. Catal. B-Environ., vol. 197, no. 1, p. 254–
261, Nov. 2016.
- B. Huang, X. Li, Y. Pei, S. Li, X. Cao, R. Massé
and G. Cao, “Novel carbon-encapsulated porous
SnO2 anode for lithium-ion batteries with much
improved cyclic stability,” Small, vol. 12, no. 14,
pp. 1645-1955, Feb. 2016.
- G. Yang, A. Frenkel, D. Su and X. Teng,
“Enhanced electrokinetics of C− C bond splitting
during ethanol oxidation by using a Pt/Rh/Sn
catalyst with a partially oxidized Pt and Rh core
and a SnO2 shell,” Chem. Cat. Chem., vol. 8, no.
18, p. 2876–2880, 2016.
- M. O. Guler, A. Akbulut, T. Cetinkaya, M. Uysal
and H. Akbulut, “Improvement of
electrochemical and structural properties of
LiMn2O4 spinel based electrode materials for Liion
batteries,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energ., vol. 39, no.
36, pp. 21447-21460, Dec. 2014.
- M. O. Guler, T. Cetinkaya, U. Tocoglu and H.
Akbulut, “Electrochemical performance of
MWCNT reinforced ZnO anodes for Li-ion
batteries,” Microelectron. Eng., vol. 118, no. 1,
pp. 54-60, Apr. 2014.
- U. Tocoglu, O. Cevher, M. O. Guler and H.
Akbulut, “Core–shell tin-multi walled carbon
nanotube composite anodes for lithium ion
batteries,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energ., vol. 39, no. 36,
p. 21386–21390, Dec. 2014.
- U. Tocoglu, O. Cevher, M. O. Guler and H.
Akbulut, “Coaxial silicon/multi-walled carbon
nanotube nanocomposite anodes for long cycle
life lithium-ion batteries,” Appl. Surf. Sci., vol.
305, no. 1, p. 402–411, June 2014.