Göğüs Cerrahisi Uygulanan Hastaların Konfor ve Anksiyete Düzeyini Etkileyen Faktörler

Giriş: Ameliyat sonrası dönemde cerrahi hastasında ortaya çıkabilen fiziksel ve psiko-sosyal sorunlar hastanın konforunu olumsuz etkileyerek iyileşme sürecini geciktirebilir. Çalışma göğüs cerrahisi olan hastaların konfor düzeyleri, konfor ile anksiyete ilişkisi ve etkili faktörleri belirlemek amacı ile tanımlayıcı olarak planlandı. Gereç-Yöntem: Çalışmanın evrenini göğüs cerrahisi servisinde Aralık 2012-Aralık 2013 tarihleri arasında operasyon sonrası serviste yatan erişkin hastalardan; Türkçe iletişim kurulabilen, en az ilköğretim mezunu, psikolojik tedavi görmeyen, çalışmaya katılmaya istekli olup, onay veren 112 hasta oluşturdu. Veriler Bireysel Özellikler Formu, Erken Postoperatif Konfor Ölçeği, Genel Konfor Ölçeği, Durumluk-Sürekli Anksiyete Ölçeği kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplandı. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 51.71, olan hastaların %47.3’ü ilköğretim mezunu, %59,8’i sigara kullanmakta ve %48.2’sine akciğer kanseri nedeniyle ameliyat uygulanmıştır. Grubun, %67’sinin tek kişilik odada kaldığı, %81.3’ünün kaldığı odadan memnun olduğu, %81.3’ünün daha önce hastane deneyimi olduğu, %69,6’sının daha önce ameliyat olduğu, %94,6’sının hasta kabul sürecinden memnun olduğu saptandı. Hastaların erken postoperatif konfor düzeyi 4.96±0.56, genel konfor düzeyi 2.89±0.32 olarak belirlendi. Durumluk anksiyete düzeyi 49.05±4.50, sürekli anksiyete düzeyi ise 46.37±4.57 bulundu. Sonuç: Hastaların erken postoperatif konfor düzeyi ve genel konfor düzeyi ortalamanın üstünde tespit edilirken, durumluluk anksiyete düzeyi ve süreklilik anksiyete düzeyi orta düzeyde bulundu. Konfor ile anksiyete arasında negatif yönde bir ilişki olduğu, daha önce hastane deneyimi olması, cerrahi girişim süresi, geçirilmiş operasyon deneyiminin olması, kaldığı odadan memnun olup olmaması konfor ve anksiyeteyi etkileyen faktörler olarak tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Konfor, hemşirelik, göğüs cerrahisi

Factors Affecting the Comfort and Anxiety Level of Patients Who Underwent Thoracic Surgery

Introduction: Physical and psychosocial problems that may arise during a post-op period in a patient that underwent surgical intervention can negatively affect the comfort of the patient and, as a result, may delay the healing process. The study was planned as descriptive with the aim of determining the comfort levels of patients that had thoracic surgery, the relationship between comfort and anxiety and the factors influencing them. Material-Method: The study consisted of 112 patients who were able to communicate in Turkish, who were at least primary school graduates, who were not psychologically treated, who were willing to participate in the study and who approved the study, among adult patients who were in the thoracic surgery service between December 2012 and December 2013. Data were collected using the face-to-face interview method through Individual Characteristics Form, the Early Postoperative Comfort Scale, the General Comfort Scale, and the Circumstanced-Continuous Anxiety Scale. Results: 47.3% of the patients with an average age of 51.71 are primary school graduates. It was found that 59.8% of the patients were smokers, 48.2% were treated with lung cancer diagnosis, 67% were in single room, 81.3% were satisfied with the room, 81.3% had previous hospital experience, 69% 6 had been operated before, and 94.6% were satisfied with the patient admission process. Early postoperative comfort level was 4.96 ± 0.56 and general comfort level was 2.89 ± 0.32. Circumstanced anxiety level was 49.05 ± 4.50, and continuous anxiety level was 46.37 ± 4.57. Conclusion: Early postoperative comfort level and general comfort level of patients were determined to be above the average. Circumstanced anxiety and continuous anxiety levels were moderate. There was a negative correlation between comfort and anxiety, and the factors affecting the anxiety were determined as having hospital experience, duration of surgical intervention, the experience of a previous operation, satisfaction with the room, and factors affecting comfort and anxiety.

Keywords:

Postoperative care, thoracic surgery, nursing,

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