Özge ÇELİKER TOSUN, Recep Emre OKYAY

Gebelik Sürecinde Fiziksel Aktivite Değişimlerinin İncelenmesi

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı sağlıklı gebelerde fiziksel aktivite seviyesinin ve tipinin hamilelik haftalarındaki değişimini inceleyip, trimester arasında fark olup olmadığını saptayabilmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: 18- 40 yaş arasındaki sağlıklı gebe kadınlar çalışmaya alındı. Gebelerin fiziksel aktivite seviyesi ve tipinin tespiti için Hamilelik Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketleri (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)) kullanıldı. Verilerin çoğunluğu normal dağılmadığından fiziksel aktivite anketleri değişkenleri ve veriler arasındaki ilişki “Spearman Korelasyon Analizi” ile test edildi. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler ortanca ve çeyreklerarası aralık olarak verildi. Fiziksel aktivite anketleri parametreleri ve üç trimester değişkenleri Kruskal- Wallis ile, ikişerli karşılaştırmalarsa Mann- Whitney U ve Bonferroni düzeltmesi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 50’si 1. trimesterde, 139’u 2. trimesterde ve 147’si 3. trimesterde olmak üzere toplam 336 kişi alındı. Gebelerin 1., 2. ve 3. trimesterlerindeki total aktivite PPAQ, sedanter aktivite PPAQ, hafif/ yürüyüş IPAQ, hafif şiddetli PPAQ ve ev işleri PPAQ arasında anlamlı fark vardı(p<0.05). Olguların hafif şiddette, orta şiddette ve şiddetli PPAQ değerleri arasında her üç trimesterde de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu(0.005). Gebelik haftasıyla, sedanter aktivite PPAQ (rho= -0.176, p<0.001) ve iş-meslek aktivitesi PPAQ (rho=-0.186, p<0.001) arasında negatif yönde, zayıf derecede, anlamlı bir ilişki görüldü. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, gebelik haftası ilerledikçe gebelerin sedanter aktivite seviyesini ve iş- meslek aktivitelerini azalttıkları, gebelik boyunca hafif ve orta şiddette aktiviteyi daha fazla yaptıkları, gebelerin 1. ve 3. trimesterlerdeki fiziksel aktivite şiddetlerinin benzer olduğu, 2. trimesterdeki tüm fiziksel aktivite tiplerinde şiddetin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Gebelerde, gebelik boyunca fiziksel aktivite seviyesindeki farklarının neden kaynaklandığına yönelik ileri çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fiziksel aktivite ve hamilelik

Investigation of Physical Activity Changes During Pregnancy

Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the change in physical activity level and type during pregnancy weeks in healthy pregnancies and to determine if there is any difference between trimester. Material and Methods: Healthy pregnant women between the ages of 18-40 were taken into the study. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used to determine the level and type of physical activity of pregnants. As the data not distributed normally, the relationship between physical activity questionnaire variables was tested by using Spearman correlation analysis and the descriptive statistics were presented median and interquartile ranges. Physical activity questionnaire parameters and three trimester variables were compared using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and Bonferroni correction for two-way comparisons. Results: A total of 336 persons were included in the study, 50 in the first trimester, 139 in the second trimester and 147 in the third trimester. There was a significant difference (p <0.05) between total activity PPAQ, sedanter activity PPAQ, mild / walking IPAQ, mild PPAQ and home PPAQ in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. There was a statistically significant difference in all three trimester (0.005) between mild, moderate and severe PPAQ values of the cases. There was a significant negative weak correlation between the PPAQ (rho = -0.176, p <0.001) and the occupational activity PPAQ (rho = -0.186, p <0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it was found that as the gestational week progresses, pregnancies reduce the level of sedentary activity and occupational activities, have more mild and moderate activity during pregnancy, pregnant women had similar physical activity intensities in the first and third trimesters. Further work should be done to determine the differences in the levels of physical activity during pregnancy in pregnancies

Keywords:

Physical activity and pregnancy,

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