YUMURTACI TAVUK RASYONLARINA PROPOLIS VE KAFEIK ASIT İLAVESININ PERFORMANS, YUMURTA KALITESI VE SERUM DEĞIŞKENLERI ÜZERINE ETKILERI

Bu çalışma, yumurta tavuğu yemlerine ilave edilen propolis ve kafeik asitin performans, yumurta kalitesi ve serum değişkenlerine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 40 haftalık yaşta 192 adet beyaz Leghorn yumurta tavuğu dört tekrarlı altı gruba ayrıldı. Tavuklar bazal yem (kontrol grubu) veya bazal yeme sırasıyla 0,5, 1, 3, 6 g/kg propolis ve 0,5 mg/kg kafeik asit ilave edilerek (deneme grupları) 12 hafta beslendi. Propolis ve kafeik asit ilavesi canlı ağırlık, yem tüketimi, yumurta verimi ve yemden yararlanma oranını etkilemedi (P<0.05). Ancak yumurta ağırlığı 0,5 g/kg kafeik asit katılan grupta önemli oranda arttı (P<0.01). En yüksek ak indeksi ve Haugh birimi 6 g/kg propolis katılan grupta belirlendi (P<0.001). Serum aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), alkali fosfataz (ALP) ve laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH) aktiviteleri yönünden kontrol ve deneme grupları arasında önemli bir farklılık belirlenmedi. Yeme farklı dozlarda propolis ve kafeik asit ilavesi serum alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) (P<0.01), trigliserit (TG) ve total kolesterol (TC) düzeyini (P<0.05) azalttı, serum yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL) düzeyini artırdı (P<0.001). Serum glikoz düzeyi 6 g/kg propolis ve kafeik asit grubunda kontrol grubuna göre düşük iken 0,5 ve 3 g/kg propolis grubunda yüksek bulundu (P<0.001). Öte yandan 3 g/kg propolis grubu dışındaki propolis ve kafeik asit gruplarında total protein (P<0.01) ve albumin (P<0.001) kontrol grubuna göre düşük bulundu. Propolis (1 g/kg dozu hariç) ve kafeik asit serum kalsiyum (Ca) ve magnezyum (Mg) düzeylerini artırdı (P<0.001). Ancak serum inorganik fosfor (Pi) düzeyi muamelelerden etkilenmedi. Ayrıca 3 ve 6 g/kg propolis ve 0,5 mg/kg kafeik asit katılan gruplarda serum malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi önemli oranda azaldı (P<0.01). Sonuç olarak, yumurta tavuklarının yemlerine propolis katılması performansı olumsuz etkilemeksizin yumurta kalitesini ve bazı serum parametrelerini olumlu etkiledi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

MDA, performans, propolis, yumurta kalitesi, yumurtacı tavuk

THE INFLUENCE OF PROPOLIS AND CAFFEIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION TO LAYING HENS DIET ON PERFORMANCE, EGG QUALITY AND SERUM VARIABLES

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary propolis and caffeic acid supplementation on performance, egg quality and serum variables of laying hens. One hundred and ninety two, 40 weeks old, White Leghorn hens were assigned to 6 groups with 4 replicates. Hens were fed basal diet (control group) or 0.5, 1, 3, 6 g/kg propolis and 0.5 mg/kg caffeic acid supplemented basal diets (treatment groups) for 12 weeks. Propolis and caffeic acid addition did not affect live weight, feed consumption, egg yield and feed efficiency (P>0.05). However, egg weight increased significantly in the 0.5 g/kg caffeic acid suplemented group (P<0.01). The highest egg albumen index and Haugh unit were determined in the 6 g/kg propolis supplemented group (P<0.001). There were no significant differences among control and treatment groups for serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. Addition of propolis at different doses and caffeic acid to diet reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P <0.01), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels (P<0.05) and increased serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) (P<0.001). Serum glucose levels were significantly low in the 6 g/kg propolis and caffeic acid groups of than that of the control group, but higher in the 0.5 and 3 g/kg propolis groups (P<0.001). On the other hand, total protein (P<0.01) and albumin (P<0.001) were low in propolis and caffeic acid groups except 3 g/kg propolis group than control group. Propolis (excluding 1 g/kg level) and caffeic acid increased serum calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels (P<0.001). However, serum inorganic phosphorus (Pi) levels were not affected by treatments. In addition, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased in groups supplemented with 3 and 6 g/kg propolis and 0.5 mg/kg caffeic acid (P <0.01). As a result, the addition of propolis to the diet of laying hens effected positively egg quality and some serum parameters without adversely affecting performance

Keywords:

Egg quality, laying hen, MDA, performance, propolis,

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