TİP 1 DİYABETLİ ADÖLESAN BİREYLERDE UYKU KALİTESİ VE BESLENME DURUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Amaç: Bu çalışma Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanlarda uyku kalitesi ve beslenme durumu arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, Kasım 2018-Şubat 2019 tarihleri arasında Erciyes Üniversitesi pediatri endokrin bölümüne başvuran 76 Tip 1 diyabetli adölesan dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri; anket formu, 3 günlük besin tüketim kaydı, Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ) ve Epworth Uykululuk Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların beden kütle indeksi (BKİ), boy ve ağırlık ölçümü kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total kolesterol, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL), düşük dansiteli lipoprotein (LDL), trigliserid (TG) ve kan glukoz düzeyleri değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanların %43,4’ü kız ve % 56,6’sı erkektir. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 14,88±2,16 yıldır. Adölesanların %67,1’i normal BKİ’ye sahiptir. Pittsburgh uyku kalitesi indeksine göre Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanların %40,8’i kötü ve %59,2’si iyi uyku kalitesine sahiptir. Kötü uyku kalitesine sahip adölesanların iyi uyku kalitesine sahip olanlara göre yağ tüketimlerinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p=0.117). İyi uyku kalitesine sahip olan Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanların kötü uyku kalitesine sahip olanlara göre, daha uzun süre uyuduğu (p=0.001) ve daha kısa sürede uykuya daldığı (p=0.000) belirlenmiştir. İyi uyku kalitesine sahip adölesanların HbA1c (p=0.238), total kolesterol (p=0.620), LDL kolesterol (p=0.565), trigliserid (p=0.230) ve kan glukoz düzeyleri (p=0.238) kötü uyku kalitesine sahip adölesanlardan daha düşüktür. Uyku süresi ile HbA1c düzeyi (r=-0.254, p=0.027), bazal metabolizma hızı (r=-0.234, p=0.042), fiziksel aktivite faktörü (r=-0.241, p=0.036) ve günlük enerji harcaması (r=-0.261, p=0.023) arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı zayıf bir korelasyon saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanlarda uyku süresinin kısalması HbA1c’yi etkileyerek glisemik kontrolün bozulmasına yol açabilir. Tip 1 diyabetli adölesanlarda beslenme ve insülin tedavisinin yanı sıra uyku süresi ve kalitesi de metabolik kontrol üzerine olumlu etkiler yapabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Adölesan, beslenme, tip 1 diyabet, uyku kalitesi

DETERMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES

Aim: This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and nutritional status in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes.Subjects and Methods: 76 adolescent with type 1 diabetes who consulted Erciyes University department of pediatric endocrine between November 2018 and February in 2019 were included in the study. The data were collected by using questionnaire, three-day nutrient consumption record, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale.Results: 40.8% of adolescents with type 1 diabetes have poor sleep quality. It was determined that adolescents with poor sleep quality consumed higher amounts of fat than those with good sleep quality (p>0.05). It was found that adolescents with Type 1 diabetes who had good sleep quality were sleeping longer and fell asleep in less time than those with poor sleep quality (p<0.05). HbA1C, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood glucose levels of adolescents with good sleep quality were lower than adolescents with poor sleep quality (p>005). A significant negative correlation was found between sleep duration and HbA1c level, basal metabolic rate, physical activity factor and daily energy expenditure (p<0.05). Conclusions: Sleep duration in adolescents with type 1 diabetes may affect HbA1c and lead to impaired glycemic control. In adolescents with type 1 diabetes, sleep time and sleep quality should also be considered, as well as nutrition and insulin therapy.

Keywords:

Adolescent, nutrition, sleep quality, type 1 diabetes,

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