HUMAN PAPİLLOMA VİRÜS (HPV) GÜNCEL TEDAVİ VE KORUNMA YÖNTEMLERİ

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) İnsan Papilloma Virüsü olarak bilinmektedir. Yaklaşık 40 türü siğile neden olurken, bazı türleri ise kansere kadar ilerleyebilen hastalık tablosuna sebep olur ve en fazla rastlanan kanser türü rahim ağzı kanseridir. HPV’ nin 40'tan fazla çeşidi insanlarda genital bölgeyi enfekte etmekle birlikte bir kısmı yüksek risk, bir kısmı ise düşük risk grubundadır. Virüs ile enfekte insanların %40’ı cinsel hayatın ilk iki yılı içinde enfeksiyonu geçirirler. Kanser öncesi lezyonlar 20-29’ lu yaşlarda pik yaparken, kanser 40- 49’lu yaşlarda pik yapmaktadır. Erken teşhisin önemi tedaviyi mümkün kılabilmesinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Günümüzde üç farklı HPV aşısı bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki 2006 yılında uygulanmaya başlayan Gardasil’ dir. Bunu Cervarix ve Gardasil 9 takip etmiştir. Gardasil ve Gardasil 9 aşıları hem rahim ağzı kanseri hem de genital siğilleri önlemeye yönelik iken, Cervarix sadece rahim ağzı kanserine karşı koruma sağlamaktadır. Rahim ağzı kanserinin evreleri 1A’dan başlayıp 4B’ye kadar gitmektedir. 1A aşamasından 4B’ye doğru ilerlerken tedavi zorlaşmakta ve 4B aşamasında sadece palyatif tedavi uygulanabilmektedir. Siğil tedavisinde ise tekli tedaviler uygulanabildiği gibi kombine tedaviler de uygulanabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), rahim ağzı kanseri, genital siğil, tedavi, HPV aşıları, Cervarix, Gardasil 9

Human Papilloma Virus (Hpv) Current Treatment and Proteciıon Procedure

HPV is a virus is known as Human Papilloma Virus and approximately 40 types of it can cause warts. Most observed cancer type is cervical cancer, as some types can cause more serious illnesses like cancer. More than 40 types of HPV infect genital areas of human and some of these genital HPV types are in high risk group and some are in low risk group. Of the patients infected with HPV, 40% experience the disease in two years after their first sex experience. While precancer lesions peak mostly at ages of 20-29 years, cancer peaks at the ages of 40-49 years. Early diagnose enables the possibility of treatment. There are three different types of HPV vaccines at present. First of them is Gardasil, which was introduced in 2006. The others are Cervarix and Gardasil 9. Gardasil and Gardasil 9 provide prophylaxy against both cervical cancer and genital warts; but Cervarix only provides prophylaxy against cervical cancer. Cervical cancer stages start from 1A and go to 4B. As it progresses from stage 1A to 4B, traetment gets harder. In stage 4B only palliative treatment is possible. When treating warts, it is possible to use both single and combined treatments

Keywords:

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), cervical cancer, genital wart, treatment, HPV vaccines, Cervarix, Gardasil 9,

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