Anemide Gebelik Sonuçları ve Bakım

Gebelikte anemi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde en yaygın görülen sağlık sorunları arasında yer almaktadır. Ulusal sağlık programlarının tüm çabalarına ve doğum öncesindeki izlemlerdeki taramalara rağmen dünya üzerindeki kadınların yarısından fazlası gebelikte anemi yaşamaktadır. Dünya sağlık örgütünün tahminlerine göre gelişmiş ülkelerde, gebe kadınlarda anemi insidansı %15 iken, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde bu oran %35-75’dir. Gebelikte ortaya çıkan fizyolojik hemodilüsyona bağlı düşük hemoglobin konsantrasyonu ve folik asit ile demirin yetersiz alınımı aneminin başlıca nedenleri arasında yer almaktadır. Aneminin komplikasyonları arasında preterm eylem, düşük doğum ağırlıklı bebek, fetal ve maternal mortalite, morbidite oranlarında artış görülmektedir. Gebelik süresince aniden ortaya çıkan anemi profesyonel bir bakım gerektirmektedir. Beslenme, korunma gibi farkındalık eğitimlerini içeren ve erken dönemde başlatılan profesyonel bakım ile komplikasyonlar önlenebilir. Bu derlemede aneminin maternal ve fetal gebelik sonuçları ile bakımı ele alındı.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anemi, gebelik, demir eksikliği, fetal bulgular

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