The author of the book outlines US common law doctrines related to international commercial arbitration. He presents the developments in the US common law jurisprudence in international commercial for two reasons: First to inform the reader regarding doctrinal transformations, and second, with hope of achieving the perfect workings of international commercial arbitration as an aspirational goal. To this end, examining the American influence on international commercial arbitration is important. The author suggests the US common law may help to overcome challenges arising out of cultural differences in international commercial arbitration. While doing so, there are important contrasting and competing principles to consider, such as party-autonomy and arbitrator discretion, which stand out as saliently competing paradigms. The author indicates that giving equal weight to these competing principles in international commercial arbitration might be a useful strategy to harmonize seemingly polar opposite propositions. The book focuses, in part, on the US common law of discovery and how it might be adopted in international arbitration to develop efficiency in such proceedings. The International Bar Association (IBA) Rules on Evidence Gathering, the Prague Rules, and the role of 28 U.S.C. §1782 in international arbitration are closely analyzed, among others, to develop alternative approaches concerning evidence gathering in international commercial arbitration. Overall, the book contributes to the literature important discussions and suggestions. Also, the text presents analyses and suggested solutions with the help of leading principles developed by the US common law, which facilitates understanding these principles from the author’s perspective. While the book, provides those valuable inquiries and discussions, the book review took a critical approach towards them. The authors of the review critically analyze those suggestions. The book review compares to other books that pursue a similar approach to international commercial arbitration. How justified suggestions in the book are and what their strong and weak points are displayed in the review. Are all those suggestion in the book correct? It must not be forgotten that the book looks into issues from an American perspective and those suggestions are coming from the US common law. However, this approach can be problematic in international arbitration. If there is a dominant legal system in international commercial arbitration, how “international” international arbitration can be? The review criticizes those contradictions and presents a comprehensive analysis of the book. The authors of this review believe that an idea can be developed if there is criticism against it. Thus, authors here offer a critical eye towards the book with the purpose of development of the ideas within the book. Acknowledging the hard work of the author of the book, the authors of the review offer some thoughts to develop the ideas in the book and to make its next edition even better. Therefore, those who are interested in learning about Martinez Fraga’s book with a critical approach can find some interesting insights from the review.