Duygu Düzenlenmenin Psikolojik Sağlık Üzerindeki Etkilerini Anlamak: Özgünlüğün Aracı Rolü

İnsanlar duygularını kontrol etmek amacıyla çeşitli duygu düzenleme (DD) stratejilerinden yararlanırlar. Bu stratejilerden bazıları psikolojik iyi oluşu olumlu yönde etkilerken diğerleri olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. DD’nin işleyiş mekanizmalarının tespit edilmesi, duygu düzenlemenin psikolojik sağlık üzerindeki etkilerinin daha iyi bir şekilde anlaşılmasına yardımcı olabilir. Doğal duygusal tepkilerin değiştirilmesine dayalı olan kimi DD stratejileri bireylerin gerçekte oldukları kişi gibi davranmadıkları sonucuna varmalarına sebep olabilir. Ancak diğer DD stratejilerinden bazıları bireylerin özgünlüklerini muhafaza etmelerine yardımcı olabilir. Psikolojik iyi oluş açısından da önemi göz önünde bulundurularak mevcut çalışmada özgünlük değişkeni, belli DD stratejilerinin kullanımı ile olumsuz psikolojik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamada işlevsel olabilecek bir aracı değişken olarak sınanmıştır. Çalışmanın katılımcıları yaş ortalaması 21.5 (SS = 2.22) olan 391 (294’ü kadın) üniversite öğrencisidir. DD stratejilerinden yeniden değerlendirme, bastırma ve olumlu duygulanımı arttırma test edilen yol modeline yordayıcı değişkenler olarak dahil edilmiştir. Psikolojik rahatsızlık ilgili modelde sonuç değişken olarak incelenmiştir. Bu değişkene ait değer olumlu duygulanım (ters kodlanmış), olumsuz duygulanım, depresyon ve stres ölçümlerinden elde edilen puanlar toplanarak hesaplanmıştır. Özgünlük ise aracı değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. İstatistiki analizler sonucunda, önerilen yol modelinin kabul edilebilir uyum değerlerine sahip olduğu saptanmış ve bulguların çalışma hipotezlerinin tamamına destek sağladığı görülmüştür. Yeniden değerlendirme stratejisi özgünlüğü pekiştirerek psikolojik rahatsızlığı negatif yönde yordamıştır. Bastırma stratejisi ise özgünlüğü azaltarak olumsuz psikolojik çıktıları pozitif yönde yordamıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, olumlu duygulanımı arttırma stratejisi özgünlük değişkeni üzerinde bir artışı tetikleyerek psikolojik rahatsızlığı negatif yönde yordamıştır. Ayrıca aynı model çerçevesinde belirli özgünlük boyutlarının aracı rolü de irdelenmiştir. Buna göre özgünlüğün iki boyutunun (öz-farkındalık ve özerk davranış) DD ve psikolojik sağlık arasındaki ilişkiye aracılık ettiği görülmüştür. Mevcut bulgular ışığında, insanları gerçekte oldukları kişi gibi davranmaya yönelten çeşitli DD stratejilerinin psikolojik sağlık açısından koruyucu olduğu söylenebilir. Bulgulara ilişkin diğer çıkarımlar, çalışmanın kısıtlılıkları ve gelecek çalışmalar için öneriler tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Duygu düzenleme, yeniden değerlendirme, bastırma, olumlu duygulanımı arttırma, özgünlük, psikolojik sağlık

Understanding the Mental Health Implications of Emotion Regulation: A Journey Through Authenticity

People utilize specific emotion regulation (ER) strategies to exert control over their emotions. Some of those strategies are beneficial for psychological well-being, whereas others are detrimental to it. Identifying the working mechanisms of ER can be helpful to better understand its mental health implications. Particular ER strategies which interfere with one's natural emotional responses might lead people to conclude that they are not performing their authentic selves. However, other ER strategies can be useful in keeping one’s authenticity intact. Given its importance for psychological well-being as well, the current study examined authenticity as a mediatory mechanism in explaining the link between the habitual use of certain ER strategies and negative psychological symptoms. Participants were 391 university students (294 females) with a mean age of 21.5 (SD = 2.22). Reappraisal, suppression, and enhancing positive affect among ER strategies were included as predictor variables into the tested path model. Psychological ill-being was tested as the outcome variable, and it was computed on the basis of the participants’ positive affect (reverse-coded), negative affect, depression, and stress levels. Trait authenticity was included as the mediator variable. The proposed model revealed a good fit to data, and the results suggested full support for the study predictions. Reappraisal negatively predicted psychological ill-being by leading to an increase in the authenticity levels. However, suppression intensified the negative psychological symptoms by lessening authenticity. Moreover, enhancing positive affect diminished psychological ill-being by fostering authenticity. Additionally, the mediating roles of specific authenticity dimensions were tested within the same model. Accordingly, 2 components of authenticity (i.e., self-awareness and autonomous behavior) mediated the relationship between ER and mental health. In the light of the present findings, it can be said that various ER strategies, which lead people to behave in accordance with their true selves, are protective in terms of psychological health. Further implications, limitations, and suggestions for future studies were discussed.

Keywords:

Emotion regulation, reappraisal, suppression, enhancing positive affect, authenticity, psychological health,

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