Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğunda Mekansal Belleğin A-B A-C Paradigması ile Araştırılması
Bu çalışmada, A-B A-C paradigması kullanılarak
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Mekânsal bellek, dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu, eşlemeli-çağrışımsal öğrenme
An Investigation into Spatial Memory of ADHD Children by Using an A-B A-C Paradigm
The present study aimed to examine priori-ty effect on object-location memory in childrenwith ADHD, in comparison to children withoutADHD, by using an A-B A-C paradigm. AnA-B A-C paired position learning task wasadministered to both ADHD and non-ADHDchildren. The children learned positions of14 different objects (7 B- and 7 C-objects)around 7 referent objects (A-objects) in twosuccessive presentations (first Bs followed byCs) and then they were given A object positionsand asked to recall positions of B and C. Theresults revealed a significant priority effect onobject location memory of the ADHD group,similar to that of the control group. B positionswere recalled better than C positions by bothgroups. The number of B objects correctlyrecalled did not differ significantly between thetwo groups. On the other hand, the differencein recall of C objects approached, but didnot reach, the significance level. Accordingto the mediational theory, priority effect isa result of a learning strategy that involvesretainment of B during A-C learning, thereforethe effect observed in performances of theADHD and non-ADHD children indicatedthat both groups used the strategy. This sug¬gests that spatial memory abilities of childrenwith ADHD may be improved with the use ofappropriate learning strategies.
___
- Anderson, M.C. (2003). Rethinking of interference memory: Executive cont rol and the mechanisms of forgetting. Jornal of Memory and Language, 49: 415-445.
- Arkes, H.R., & Lyons, D.J. (1979). A me- diational explanation of priority effect. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 18: 721-731.
- Barkley, R.A. (1997). ADHD and the Natu re of Self-Control. New York: Guilford Pres.
- Barkley, R.A., Edwards, G., Laneri, M., Fletcher, K., & Metevia, L.(2001). Exe cutive functioning, temporal discounting, and sense of time in adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disor der (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29: 541-556.
- Barnes, J.M., & Underwood, B.J. (1959). 'Fate'of first-listassociatesin transfer theory. Journal of Experimental Psycho logy, 58: 97-105.
- Biederman, J., & Spencer, T. (1999). At- tention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as a Noradrenergic Disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 46: 1234-1242.
- Cinan, S., Atalay, D., Şişman, S. Başbuğ, G., Dervent-Özbek, S., Teoman, D., Karagöz, A., Karadeniz, A.Y., Beykurt, S., Süleyman, H., Memiş, H.Ö., & Yurt sever, Ö.D. (2007). Memory for object locations: Priority effect and sex diffe rences in associative spatial learning. Learning and Motivation, 38: 326-341.
- Durston, S. (2003). A review of the biolo gical bases of ADHD: What have we Reck, S.G., Mund, A.M., & Landau, S. learned from imaging studies? Mental Retardation and Developmental Disa bilities Research Reviews, 9: 184-195.
- Eysenk, M.W. (1994). The Blackwell Dicti onary of Cognitive Psychology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
- Gitten, J.C., Winer, J., Festa, E.K., & Hein- del, W.C. (2006). Conditional associative learning of spatial and object information in children with attention-deficit/hyper- activity disorder. Child Neuropsycholo- gy, 12: 39-56.
- Grodzinsky, G.M., & Barkley, R.A. (1999). Predictive power of frontal lobe tests in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperac tivity disorder. The Clinical Neuropsy chologist, 13 (1): 12-21.
- Karatekin, C. (2004). A test of integrity of the components of Baddeley's model of working memory in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Journal of Child Psychology adn Psychiatry, 45 (5): 912-926.
- Karatekin, C., & Asarnow, R.F. (1998). Wor king memory in Childhood-Onset Schi zophrenia and Attention-Deficit/Hype- ractivity Disorder (ADHD). Psychiatry Research, 80: 165-176.
- Lawrence, V., Houghton, S., Tannock, R., Douglas, G., Durkin, K., & Whiting, K. (2002). ADHD outside the laboratory: Boys' executive function performance on tasks in videogame play and on a visit to the zoo. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30,(5): 447-462.
- McGeoch, J.A., & Irion, A.L. (1952). The Psychology of Human Learning. New York: Longman.
- Melton, A.W., & Irwin, J.M. (1940). Influ ence of degree of interpolated learning on retroactive interference and overt transfer of specific responses. American Journal on Psychology, 53: 173-203. (2010). Memory for object locations in boys with or without ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 13 (5): 505-515.
- Ross, R.G., Hommer, D., Breiger, D., Varley. C., & Radant, A. (1994). Eye movement task related to frontal lobe functioning in children with Attention Deficit Disorder. Journal of American Academy Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33: 869-874.
- Tulving, E., & Watkins, M.J. (1974). On negative transfer: Effects of testing one list on the recall of anoher. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 13: 181-193.
- White, H.A. (2007). Inhibitory control of proactive interference in adults with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders,, 11 (2): 141-149.
- ISSN: 1304-4680
- Başlangıç: 1956
- Yayıncı: İstanbul Üniversitesi
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler
Alkol Bağımlılığında İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma: Depresif Belirtilerle İlişki
Elif YILDIRIM, Deniz AKYIL SOKULLU, Özcan KÖKNEL
Üstün-Zekalı ve Normal-Zekalı Çocuklarda Yönetsel İşlevler: Londra Kulesi Testi
Marilena LEANA TAŞCILAR, Sevtap CİNAN
Sosyal Bilimcilerin Sosyal Bilim ve Üniversite Temsilleri
Deniz ATALAY-ATA, Sevtap Cinan, Reyhan SAYDAM, Behiye ALYANAK