Nilgün TÜRKİLERİ, Damla KARLIER SOYDAŞ, Zehra UÇANOK

Algılanan Ebeveyn İzlemesi, Siber Zorbalık ve Yaşam Doyumu Arasındaki İlişkiler Ergenin Cinsiyetine Göre Farklılaşıyor mu?

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı ilk ve orta ergenlik döneminde algılanan ebeveyn izlemesi ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkiyi ve bu ilişkide siber zorbalığa maruz kalma ve siber zorbalık uygulamanın aracı rolünü ergenin cinsiyetine göre incelemektir. Algılanan ebeveyn izlemesi, ergenin okul dışı ve çevrimiçi aktiviteleri hakkında anne babasının bilgi sahibi olmasını ifade etmektedir. Yaşam doyumu ise benlik, okul, arkadaş, aile ve yaşanılan çevreden duyulan memnuniyeti kapsamaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemini toplam 1395 (%52.5 kız ve %47.5 erkek) ortaokul ve lise öğrencisi (Ort.yaş = 14.87, S = 2.04) oluşturmuştur. Ergenlere Ebeveyn İzlemesi Ölçeği, Öğrenciler için Çok Boyutlu Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği ve Sanal/Siber Zorbalık Ölçeği sınıf ortamında grup halinde uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, beklentiyle uyumlu biçimde, ebeveynlerinden daha fazla izleme algılayan ergenlerin daha yüksek düzeyde yaşam doyumu rapor ettiğini göstermiştir. Benzer şekilde, ebeveyn izlemesini daha yüksek algılayan ergenlerin daha düşük düzeyde siber zorbalık rapor ettikleri gözlenmiştir. Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli analiz sonuçlarına göre siber zorbalığa maruz kalmanın, hem kız hem de erkek ergenler için, ebeveyn izlemesi ile ergenin yaşam doyumu arasındaki pozitif yöndeki ilişkide kısmi aracı rol oynadığı görülmektedir. Öte yandan, sadece erkek ergenlerde ebeveyn izlemesi ile ergenin yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide siber zorbalık uygulama kısmi aracı rol oynamaktadır. Ancak kızlarda siber zorbalık uygulama ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkinin anlamsız olmasından dolayı aracı etki test edilmemiştir. Elde edilen bu yöndeki ilişkiler, ergenin cinsiyetinin önemli bir faktör olarak ele alınması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde ise ergenlerde riskli davranışları azaltmada ve onların sağlıklı bireyler olarak yetişmelerinde anne babaların aktif izleme uygulamalarının rolünü vurgulayan görüşleri desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İlk ve orta ergenlik, ebeveynlik uygulamaları, ebeveyn izlemesi, sanal/siber zorbalık, bireysel iyilik hali

Does the Associations among Perceived Parental Monitoring, Cyberbullying, and Life Satisfaction of Adolescents Differ in Boys and Girls?

The present study mainly aims to examine the relationship between perceived parental monitoring and life satisfaction during early and middle adolescence (aged between 12-18) and the mediating role of exposure to cyberbullying and cybervictimization in this relationship according to gender. Perceived parental monitoring refers to the knowledge of parents about the out-of-school and online activities of adolescents, whereas life satisfaction pertains to the level of satisfaction of students with their self, school, friends, family, and environment. The sample consisted of 1,395 (female: 52.5%; male: 47.5%) secondary school and high school students (M = 14.87, SD = 2.04). The participants completed a package of four self-report questionnaires, namely, a Demographic Information Form, the Parental Monitoring Scale, the Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale, and the Cyberbullying Scale in the classroom setting. As hypothesized, the results demonstrated that adolescents with perceived high levels of parental monitoring reported high levels of life satisfaction and low levels of cyberbullying. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that cybervictimization plays a partially mediating role in the positive relationship between parental monitoring and adolescent life satisfaction for both genders. However, cyberbullying partially mediates the relationship between parental monitoring and adolescent life satisfaction only in male adolescents. However, this mediating effect was not tested for the female participants due to the non-significance of the relationship between cyberbullying and life satisfaction. The relationship in this direction reveals that gender should be considered an important factor. In summary, these findings suggest that perceived parental monitoring plays a protective role in the general well-being of adolescents by reducing risky online behaviors, such as bullying in cyberspace.

Keywords:

Early and middle adolescence parental strategies, parental monitoring, cyberbullying, cybervictimization, well-being,

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