Sosyal Kötücül Kişilikler: Karanlık Üçlü

Kişiliğin olumsuz ve günlük hayatın içinde istenmeyen şekillerde karşılaşılan karanlık tarafları narsisizm, psikopati ve Makyevelizmden oluşan “Karanlık üçlü” terimi ile tanımlanmaktadır. Subklinik narsisizm; yüksek statü düşkünlüğü, lider olma arzusu, kendi niteliklerini abartma ve diğerlerini küçümseme gibi olumsuz özelliklerle tanımlanmaktadır. Makyevelizmde, kişinin kendi olumsuz özelliklerini gizleyerek diğer insanları manipüle etmesi ve amacına ulaşması için etik dışı davranışlar öndedir. Psikopati ise yüksek dürtüsellik ile empati yoksunluğu, duygusuz olma eğilimi, insan ilişkilerine önem vermeme ve vicdan azabı duymama gibi olumsuz subklinik bir kişilik özelliğidir. Araştırmalar, kavramsal olarak farklı fakat ampirik olarak örtüşen bu kişilik değişkenlerinin kişinin yaşamının farklı alanlarında etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Makalenin amacı, karanlık üçlünün etki alanlarının ele alındığı literatürü güncellemek ve değerlendirmektir. Ayrıca, karanlık üçlüyü ölçmeyi hedefleyen ve Türkçeye uyarlanan ölçeklerin gözden geçirilmesinin ileride yapılacak çalışmalar açısından faydalı olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Öncelikle karanlık üçlüyü oluşturan kişilik yapıları, etki alanları ve karanlık üçlü için geliştirilen psikolojik ölçme araçları üzerinde durulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kişilik, narsizm

Social Malicious Personalities: The Dark Triad

The dark sides of personality that are encountered in negative and unwanted ways in daily life are defined by the term Dark Triad, consisting of narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism. Subclinical narcissism is described as high status indulgence, desire to be a leader, exaggerating its own qualities and underestimating others. In Machiavellianism, manipulating other people by hiding one's own negative characteristic and unethical behaviors in order to achieve their aims are important. Psychopathy is a negative subclinical personality trait characterized with high impulsivity and lack of empathy, tendency to be insensitive, not paying attention to human relations and not having remorse. Research shows that these conceptually different but empirically overlapping personality variables have an impact on different areas of a person's life. The aim of the article is to update and evaluate literature discussed the Dark Triad. In addition, it was thought that reviewing the scales which are aimed to measure the dark triad and adapted to Turkish might be useful for future studies. In this review article, the personality structures that make up the dark triad, the areas of influence and psychological measurement tools developed for are emphasized.

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