POLİTİK EKONOMİYE SCHUMPETERCİ BİR BAKIŞ: KAPİTALİZM VE SİYASİ ELİTLER

Bu çalışmanın amacı Schumpeter’in elit modelinin politik ekonomisini incelemektir. Elitlerin kapitalizm içindeki rolünüanlamaya çalışan Schumpeterci yaklaşımın demokrasi teorileri bağlamındaki incelenmesine yer verilecektir. Demokrasiteorileri anlatımı ile başlayan çalışmada daha sonra sırasıyla Schumpeter’in ekonomik ve siyasi analizlerine yer verilecektir.Daha sonra bunlar arasında bağlantı kurularak günümüz politik ekonomi literatürünü nasıl etkilediğinden bahsedilecektir.Çalışmada gösterilmek istenen ana fikir, kapitalizmi evrimsel ve devingen bir sistem olarak ele alan Schumpeter’in siyasianalizinde elitlerin rolü ile ekonomik analizindeki müteşebbislerin rolünün örtüştüğü, bu nedenle elit analizinin kapitalizmanalizinden ayrı ele alınamayacağıdır. Ayrıca günümüzün Sorumluluk modeli ve Yetkilendirme modeline dayanan demokrasianlayışının temelinin Schumpeterci gelenekten geldiği de ifade edilecektir. Dolayısıyla bu modeller salt siyaset teorilerindenziyade ekonomik modellerin yardımıyla açıklanmalıdır. Böylelikle Schumpeter’in elit analizini politik ekonomi bağlamında elealınarak, bilhassa Türkçe literatüre katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır.

A SCHUMPETERIAN APPROACH TO POLITICAL ECONOMY: CAPITALISM AND POLITICAL ELITES

The purpose of this study is to examine the political economy of Schumpeter’s elite model. The Schumpeterian approach that seeks to understand the elites in capitalism will be examined in the context of democracy theories. Having narrated democracy theories, Schumpeter’s economic and political analyses will take place respectively. This will be followed by narrating how he influenced contemporary political economy literature by linking one another. The main theme of the study is to demonstrate that the role of elites in political analysis corresponds to the role of entrepreneurs in economic analysis and consequently the elite analysis can’t be discussed separately in Schumpeter who approaches capitalism as an evolutionary and dynamic system. Also it will be argued that the Accountability Model and the Authorization Model of democracies roots to the Schumpeterian tradition. Thus, these models should be explained not only by sole political theories but also by economic models. In this regard, the aim of this study is to contribute to the Turkish literature by reviewing Schumpeter’s elite analysis in the context of political economy.

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